English language speaking guidelines.
English Speaking

Parts of this book.
What are the parts of this book?
Preface (about the author).
Acknowledgments.
Appendices
Bibliography or references.
Table of contents.
Copyright page.
Cover Image/title/back matter.
Front matter.
Foreword.
Glossary.
Index.
Introduction.
List of abbreviations or chronology.
Product Data Sheet
Resources.
Reviews.
Series title page.
Title page.

Preface (about the author of this book).
My Name: Asif Qureshi
Attached photograph:
Abilities, skills details: Executive level abilities, executive guide.
Achievements: Take a look at this. Http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/aboutthefounder.html
Address: Asif Qureshi, 5042 N. Winthrop Ave. #237, Chicago, Illinois 60640. (1999-2014)
Behavior: Always well behaved.
Competence: Able to guide 611 professions.
Date of Birth: March 30, 1967
Date of entry into the service: April 14, 1991
Educational Qualification: 1986-1991, medical college; 1971-1986, high school, doctorate level experience.
Email: admin@qureshiuniversity.com
Emergency in case: You need to update state of Illinois
Eye color: Brown
Favorite color: White, green, yellow,
Favorite food: Plain rice, Kashmiri wazwan.
Fax: (773)337-9107
Gender: Male
Hair color: Brown to black
Height: 5 feet 10 inches.
Hobbies: Body Building
Home address: Asif Qureshi, 5042 N. Winthrop Ave. #237, Chicago, Illinois 60640. (1999-2014)
Home phone: (773)561-6102
Identification number: (various regions have social security, ID number)
Internet Address: www.qureshiuniversity.com
Languages spoken: English
My specific details (about me): This is about 300 words.
Number of children: Up to June 14, 2014 I did not have any children.
Occupation/Profession: Medical doctor, executive guide.
Office address: Home office.
Orientation: State orientation, global orientation.
Profession: Doctor of medicine, Executive.
Professional post: Executive Guide
Publications: I have authored more than 40 books.
Relationship status: www.nazianazirqazi.org
Religion: Islam
Shoe size: 8 1/2
Skin Color: Brown
Truthfulness: Always truthful
Weight: 175 lbs.
Work Experience: Doctor of medicine with 7 years hospital experience. This has taken 13 years (2001-2014) to establish www.qureshiuniversity.com.
Work phone: (773)561-6102 (Home office)
Publications:I have authored more than 30 books.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.org/catalog.html
Major Achievements: I am Asif Qureshi.
I am the founder of Qureshi University and the Global Democratic party.

I am a medical doctor.
Take a look at this.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/healthcareworld.html

What type of doctor of medicine am I?
I am a forensic psychiatrist.
I can guide all medical specialties.
I can guide 611 professions.
If courts need my expertise as a forensic psychiatrist, let me know.
The standard of psychiatry I follow is displayed at this resource: www.qureshiuniversity.com/psychiatryworld.html

Forensic Psychiatrist

Here are further guidelines.

This is in addition to being a medical doctor.
What are the key products and services?
Search engine, consultancy services, professional training, books, other products and services.

Take a look at this.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/programs.html

Take a look at this.
http://www.humanservicesglobe.com

I have authored more than 30 books.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.org/catalog.html

Take a look at this.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.org/colleges.html

It has taken me from the year 2001 to 2014 to establish www.qureshiuniversity.com with 600 guidelines to abilities/skills, 2,186 books, 611 professions, 800 product guidelines, 148 subjects, 27 services, and one search engine resource.

How many competent teachers, engineers, medical doctors, lawyers, administrators, news editors, judges, legislators, police officers, correctional officers, entrepreneurs, governors, and other workers do you need me to educate?
I can educate them in a short period of time.
Take a look at this.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com
This education resource can educate them in short period of time.

I can educate them within a short period of time.

Take a look at this.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/economics.html
What did you understand?

Take a look at this.
http://www.humanservicesglobe.com
What is it?
It is a search engine.

Take a look at this.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com
What is it?
It is an education resource.
Would you like to get educated?
Do you have any educational needs?
This resource will help you.
Do you know anyone with educational needs?
Here are further guidelines.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/academicadmission.html
About me. What do I like?
I like helping people.

What services do I provide?
I guide others worldwide.

What products have I designed, developed, or are in the process?
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/productsworld.html

What professions do I guide?
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/professionsworld.html

What subjects do I guide?
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/subjects.html

What abilities can I help?
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/skillsworld.html

What age groups do I work with?
I work with all age groups.
Children should approach me with their parents or guardians.

What is my education and experience?
I have 12 years of high school education.
I have 5 years of medical college education.
I have 7 years of in-hospital experience as a doctor.
It has taken me 14 years to create www.qureshiuniversity.com with existing resources and format.

How long do I plan to live?
90 years.

What should happen to www.qureshiuniversity.com in case of premature death of founder Asif Qureshi due to any sabotage?
www.qureshiuniveristy will become a world public university free for all.
All states must nominate representatives to receive guidelines/instructions/authorized data from this university.

What language do I prefer to speak?
The English language.

What language should you speak?
The English language.

How have educational programs been organized?

Professions

Take a look at this.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/professionsworld.html
This resource has guidelines for more then 611 professions required in essential ingredients of the economy of every state.

Products

Take a look at this.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/productsworld.html
This resource has guidelines for manufacturing of more than 1,222 essential products.

Subjects

Take a look at this.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/subjects.html
This resource has guidelines for instruction of more than 158 subjects that are available, ranging from English language, math, science, and social studies to public health, law, engineering, and education.

Skills

Take a look at this.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/skillsworld.html
This resource has guidelines for thousands of skills ranging from general purpose skills to work-specific skills.

Services

Take a look at this.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/services.html
This resource has guidelines for more than 22 essential services.

http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/preface.html
Here are further guidelines


This book has been authored by Asif Qureshi.

Table of contents.

English language speaking guidelines.
English Speaking
Advice for various residents.
Communication Abilities
Conversation Skills
Discussion (Meeting)
Lecture
Public speaking
Telephone Conversations

Communication Abilities
Communication Abilities
Communications Abilities in English language.
Communication skills
Human Communication

Last Updated: June 9, 2015
What should you know about communication?
What is Communication?
What is human communication?
Why is there a need to elaborate on human communications compared to animals?
Are there differences in types and methods of human communication?
What are the types of human communication?
What are the methods of human communications?
What methods of communication do you prefer?
What are examples of English language speaking situations?
What are examples of English language written documents?
What should happen before face-to-face in-person meeting?
How did you try to resolve the issue/issues?
What can be types of meeting?
What type of meeting is this?
What are examples of active learning?
Who all are required to enhance English communication skills of residents in the state and outside the state?
What are other terms for training and skill building?
What are examples of training and skill building?
What do you know about teaching methods?
What should you know about teaching methods?
What is the difference between classroom English language lecture and active learning?
What should you know about teaching methods?
What will happen to residents of the state who will not go ahead with English language as the official language?
What are included in the category of human communications abilities?
What are human communication skills?
What is the difference between one skill and categories of skills?
Why are English language understanding, reading, speaking, and writing abilities essential communication abilities/skills?
How should you develop good communication skills, including English language speaking, reading, understanding, writing, and proper presentation skills?
What is on the alphabetical Listing of Human Abilities?
What human abilities would you like to improve?
What are examples of human abilities?
What are examples of nonessential skills?
What should you keep in mind while communicating?
What method of communication do you prefer?
What do you have to do to improve your English language abilities relevant to your age?
Who should know everyday English language speaking situations?
Why should you know everyday English language speaking situations?
What should you know about everyday English language speaking situations?
What is a lecture?
What are the types of meetings?
How can communication skills be improved?
Why are some young people not so good at communicating?
Why are communication skills important?
What is Internet communication?
Is there a difference between Internet communications and world wide web presentation?
What is the difference between Internet communications and world wide web presentation?
What are the categories of Internet communication?
What is an example of world wide web presentation?
How should you improve your presentation skills?
How should you plan an effective presentation?
How many participants are expected to attend?
What should you do before face-to-face in-person presentation?
What is a Presentation?
What are the types of presentations? What is the meaning of the word communication?
What is another word for communication?
What is the plural of communication?
What is the opposite of communication?
What is the adjective for communication?
What rhymes with communication?
How do you pronounce the word communication?
What is the noun for communicate?
What is another word for communicate?

What should you know about communication?
  1. Annotation or definition of communication.

  2. Categories of human communications.

  3. Types of human communications.

  4. Methods of human communications.

  5. English grammar relevant to word communication.

  6. Communication methods and teaching methods.

  7. Communication studies.

  8. Teaching methods

Annotation or definition of Human Communication skills.
What is Communication?
Following the basic concept, communication is the process of sending and receiving messages or transferring information from one part (sender) to another (receiver).

Communication is the act of transferring information through verbal messages, the written word, or more subtle, non-verbal signals.

Communication is simply the act of transferring information from one place to another.

Communication in biology often occurs through visual, auditory, or biochemical means. Human communication is unique for its extensive use of language. Non-human communication is studied in the field of biosemiotics.

What is human communication?
Human communication is the process of sending and receiving messages or transferring information from one party (sender) to another (receiver).
Human communication can be a message such as a letter, phone call, e-mail, or other method of communications.

Why is there a need to elaborate on human communications compared to animals?
Humans communicate through spoken and written English or other languages, and non verbal types of communication.
Animals do not learn types of communications compared to humans.

Are there differences in types and methods of human communication?
Yes.

What are the types of human communication?
English language speaking communication abilities.
English language writing communication abilities.
Face-to-face in-person conversation (interpersonal communication)
Non-English language Human communication (Arabic, Spanish, Kashmiri, Chinese, Japanese, French, etc.)
Nonverbal communication (eye contact, body movements and posture, facial expressions, gestures, etc.)

English language speaking and writing abilities are dependent on English language understanding and reading abilities.

What are human communication skills?
Human Communications skills are one category of skills.
Many skills are included in this category.

What is the difference between one skill and categories of skills?
English language speaking is one skill.
Communications skills are is one category of skills.

Why are English language understanding, reading, speaking, and writing abilities essential communication abilities/skills?
English language is the most popular language.
English language is official language.
Learning other abilities is dependent on English language abilities.

How should you develop good communication skills, including English language speaking, reading, understanding, writing, and proper presentation skills?
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/abilitiesworld.html

What is on the alphabetical Listing of Human Abilities?
There are 650 human abilities.
There are 650 human abilities an 18-year-old human should know.
Take a look at list and let me know how many human abilities you have.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/abilities.txt
Each human ability has been further elaborated separately.

What human abilities would you like to improve?

What are examples of human abilities?
Brushing your teeth is a learned human ability.
Dressing and undressing are learned human abilities.
English language telephone conversation is an ability.
Managing skills are learned human abilities.
Questioning in the English language is an ability.
Truthfulness is a human ability.

Interpersonal skills are the skills we use when engaged in face-to-face communication with one or more other people.

What are examples of nonessential skills?
Sports activities are nonessential skills.
Physical education and sports activities are two different issues.

Non-English language abilities (Spanish, French, Arabic, Japanese, Kashmiri, etc.)

Non-English language abilities are plus point after having English language abilities.

What should you keep in mind while communicating?
Accuracy
Clarity and Conciseness
Feedback
Friendliness
Confidence
Empathy
Open-mindedness
Respect
Picking the right medium
Purpose of communication

Categories of human communications.
How do you establish categories of human-to-human communication?
Matching types of human communication with methods of human-to-human communication makes categories of human communication.

What are the categories of human-to-human communication?
Types of human communication Methods of human communication.
1. English language speaking: face-to-face, telephone, radio, or television and other media.
2. English language writing: letters, e-mails, books, magazines, the Internet, or via other media.
3. Face-to-face in-person conversation in the English language (interpersonal communication).
4. Non-English language human communication (Arabic, Spanish, Chinese, Japanese, French, etc.)
5. Nonverbal communication: eye contact, body movements, body posture, facial expressions, gestures, etc.)
6. Visualizations: graphs, charts, maps, logos, and other visualizations can communicate messages.


The different categories of communication are:
Spoken or Verbal Communication: face-to-face, telephone, radio or television and other media.
Non-Verbal Communication: body language, gestures, how we dress or act - even our scent.
Written Communication: letters, e-mails, books, magazines, the Internet or via other media.
Visualizations: graphs and charts, maps, logos and other visualizations can communicate messages.
Face-to-face in-person conversation (interpersonal communication)

Types of human communications.
\ What are the types of human-to-human communication?
1. English language speaking.
2. English language writing.
3. Face-to-face in-person conversation in English language (interpersonal communication).
4. Non-English language human communication (Arabic, Spanish, Chinese, Japanese, French, etc.)
5. Nonverbal human communication (eye contact, body movements, body posture, facial expressions, gestures, etc.)
6. Visualizations

What are examples of English language speaking situations?
Academic meeting with discussion.
Classroom lecture.
Complaint resolving meeting.
Complaint resolving and problem solving meeting.
Public speaking in English language.
Small talk speaking situations in English language.

Here are further guidelines.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/speakingsituations.html

What are examples of English language written documents?
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/documents.html

\
Methods of human communications.
How many methods of human-to-human communications are there?
There are more than 45 methods of human communications.

What are the methods of human communications?
  1. Aircraft communications

  2. Audio public address systems

  3. Beepers

  4. Building announcement systems (voice alerts and sirens)

  5. Combination audio/visual public address devices

  6. Communication access for people with limited speech broadcast technologies

  7. Cellular/mobile phones

  8. Conference calling

  9. Digital signage

  10. Electronic mail communication

  11. Emergency-oriented instant messengers and computer screen pop-ups

  12. Faxes

  13. Face-to-face in-person meeting.

  14. Giant voice systems

  15. Hand-held devices

  16. Hosting a web cast

  17. Hotlines with toll-free numbers can be set up with prerecorded information.

  18. HR help desk

  19. Internet communication

  20. Intranet/Internet site

  21. Internet relay chat (IRC)

  22. Instant messaging is a tool that permits two-way conversation in a chat room on the Internet.

  23. L.E.D. electronic signs

  24. Letter writing

  25. Line-based phones

  26. Mail/snail, mail/overnight systems

  27. Mass communication

  28. Outdoor warning system (voice alerts and sirens)

  29. Patrol car announcements

  30. Postal mail communications

  31. Public-address systems

  32. Radio communication

  33. Shortwave radio

  34. Siren system

  35. Social media

  36. SMS/text messaging

  37. Two-way radios

  38. Teleconferencing

  39. Telephone communication

  40. Television communication

  41. Vehicle communications

  42. Videoconferencing

  43. Voice mail

  44. VoIP

  45. Writing

  46. Weather radio

  47. World wide web presentation

What methods of communication do you prefer?

What are other terms for methods of communication?
Medium of communication.
TV and newspaper are methods or mediums of communication.
Internet is a method or medium of communication.
Internet communication, a method or medium of communication, can be relayed through local TV method or medium of communication. The word media is plural of medium.

Face-to-face in-person meeting.

What should happen before face-to-face in-person meeting?

How did you try to resolve the issue/issues?
Email
World wide web presentation.
Telephone
Fax
Postal mail
Media.
Please give further details if other methods.

What can be types of meeting?
Complaint, problem solving meeting.
Complaint, problem solving, decision making meeting.
Condolence Meeting. Report and information oriented.
Creative and brainstorming
Planning
Feed forward (status reporting and new information presentation).
Training and skill building (This is where presentation comes in)
Feedback meeting (reacting and evaluating)
Consulting meetings
    Review a current situation
    Identify deficiencies
    Suggest changes
    Stress the advantages of such change
    Admit any weaknesses
    Invite comments
Combination meeting (There is more than one purpose of meeting).

What type of meeting is this?
Here are further guidelines.

What are included in the category of human communications abilities?
  1. Emergency communication

  2. English language understanding abilities.

  3. English language reading abilities.

  4. English language speaking abilities.

  5. English language writing abilities.

  6. English language documents.

  7. Face-to-face in-person conversation

  8. Internet communication

  9. Interview skills

  10. Job Skills Examples

  11. Lecture

  12. Listening

  13. Meeting and Event Communications

  14. Non-English language abilities (French, Spanish, Japanese, Arabic, Kashmiri, etc.)

  15. Nonverbal communication

  16. Presentation skills

  17. Public speaking

  18. Questioning skills

  19. Questions you should know about human communications skills.

  20. Sign language (for deaf and mute)

  21. Skills relevant to answering questions

  22. Teaching Methods

  23. Telephone conversation

Emergency communication
Emergency communication system
An Emergency communication system (ECS) is any system (typically, computer-based) that is organized for the primary purpose of supporting one-way and two-way communication of emergency messages between both individuals and groups of individuals.

An emergency notification system refers to a collection of methods that facilitate the one-way dissemination or broadcast of messages to one or many groups of people with the details of an occurring or pending emergency situation.[1]

Emergency communication systems often provide or integrate those same notification services but will also include two-way communications typically to facilitate communications between emergency communications staff, affected people and first responders in the field.

Emergency Communication Tools
Emergency Communication Methods

What method of communication do you prefer?

Beepers
Building warning systems (voice alerts and sirens)
Broadcast technologies
    Infrastructure-independent

    Short-wave Radio
    Two-way Radio
    Weather Radio

    Infrastructure-dependent

    Audio Public Address Systems
    L.E.D. Electronic Signs
    Combination Audio/Visual Public Address Devices
    Digital Signage
    Giant Voice Systems
Communication devices
    Public-address systems
    Mobile phones
    Line-based phones
    SMS/Text messaging
    Social Media
    Electronic mail
    Emergency-oriented instant messengers and computer screen pop-ups
Cellular/Mobile Phones
Conference Calling
Letter Writing
VoIP Writing
E-Mail Communication
Faxes
Hand-held device
Hosting a web cast
Hotlines with toll-free numbers can be set up with prerecorded information.
HR help desk
Intranet/Internet Site
Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
Instant messaging is a tool that permits two-way conversation in a chat room on the Internet.
Mail/Snail Mail/Overnight Systems
Two-way Radios
Outdoor warning system (voice alerts and sirens)
Patrol Car Announcements
Radio Communication
Siren System
Voice Mail
Teleconferencing
Telephone Communication
Television Communication
Video Conferencing

Communication Access for People with Limited Speech Broadcast technologies Here are further guidelines.

Books
English language books
How long has it taken to author these books?
It has taken the author of these books, Asif Qureshi, more than 10 years to author these books.
Up to January 1, 2015, there was no such book in schools, colleges, universities, libraries, or various departments in various states.
You are required to facilitate circulation of these books and other books authored by me with remuneration.
Sample biodata
Here are further facts.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/biodata.html
My Name: Asif Qureshi
Attached photograph:
Title Cover Image Format Price ISBN
English language documents. Hardcover $100.00 978-0-9906983-0-2
English language dictionary. Hardcover $100.00 978-0-9906983-1-9
English language glossary Book. Hardcover $100.00 978-0-9906983-2-6
English language grammar Book. Hardcover $100.00 978-0-9906983-3-3
English language human resources. Hardcover $100.00 978-0-9906983-4-0
English language reading guidelines. Hardcover $100.00 978-0-9906983-5-7
English language speaking guidelines. Hardcover $100.00 978-0-9906983-6-4
English language translation from other languages. Hardcover $100.00 978-0-9906983-7-1
English language word Book. Hardcover $100.00 978-0-9906983-8-8
English language writing guidelines. Hardcover $100.00 978-0-9906983-9-5

English language understanding abilities.
What are examples of various abilities?
English language understanding abilities.
English language reading abilities.
English language speaking abilities.
English language writing abilities.
These are examples of abilities.
Human beings learn abilities.
Nonhumans do not learn abilities.

What do you have to do to improve your English language abilities relevant to your age?
Age-specific English language guidelines should be sought.
Associate with individual or individuals who understand, read, write, and speak the English language.
Associate with good charactered, well behaved English language speaking individuals.
Listen to English language programs every day.
Maintain an English language glossary with yourself.
Make specific Internet resource like www.qureshiuniversity.com your favorite internet resource.
Read English language materials every day.
Speak in English language every day.
Verify with others if there are any errors in your English language usage.
Write an English language page every day, preferably in question-and-answer format.
You should speak in the English language.
You need to practice every day.
Make it a habit to have English language discussions with good charactered, well behaved individuals every day.
Read English documents every day.
Write an English language page every day.
You will learn slowly.
Listen to songs in English
Watch films and TV in English
Work on your pronunciation
Use audio books
Expand your vocabulary
Confidence matters
Take English conversation classes online with a native teacher

Understanding comes first, so be patient

Imagine a newly-born baby. In the beginning, the young child does not understand language as such but communicates through body language, crying and so on. Then it starts to engage more actively with its parents, who speak to it constantly. The baby is a great listener but lacks the ability to speak properly for several years. Work on improving your understanding of English by exposing yourself to the language as often as possible. Great listeners and observers make great speakers!
Parenting Advice
Here are further guidelines.
Do not wait for a child to begin elementary education on his or her 5th birthday in elementary school. Elementary school education of a child starts at home.
Here are further guidelines.

English language speaking abilities.
Everyday English speaking situations.
Everyday English language expressions.
Who should know everyday English language speaking situations?
Everyone.

Why should you know everyday English language speaking situations?
Every day, in various situations, you will need these guidelines.

What should you know about everyday English language speaking situations?
Here are further guidelines.
English language speaking guidelines.
Speaking Situations
English language accent
Pronunication

Lecture
What is a lecture?
What makes a good lecturer?
What is a seminar?
What is a tutorial?
What is the first lesson I give to teachers?
When is a lecture required?
What questions do you need answered prior to the lecture?
What is the topic?
What is the venue?
What is the seating arrangement?
How do you start a lecture?
What questions will be addressed during the lecture?
How do you continue a lecture?
How do you close a lecture?
How can I record my class/lectures/recitations/sessions and make them available to my students? How can I play a video in my class?
Here are further guidelines.

Meeting and Event Communications
What are the types of meetings?
Combination meetings
Commitment building
Decision-making
Emergency Meeting
Evaluative Meetings
Feedforward (status reporting and new information presentations)
Feedback (reacting and evaluating )
Generative Meetings
Giving Effective Feedback
Informative Meetings
Information sharing and feedback
Making Decisions that Work
Net Meeting step by step guide
Planning
Problem solving
Public speaking
Report- and Information-oriented.
Training and Skill Building
Combination meetings
If you insist on combination meetings, I suggest your break them into segments of different meeting types. Despite segmentation, time management for a combination meeting is more difficult than a single type of meeting because you have more than one purpose to achieve.

Evaluative Meetings
Evaluative Meetings are about making decisions, setting direction and long-term planning. These are usually small and have fewer than 20 participants. These meetings require intense engagement and benefit from governance and protocols. Large, information-rich displays are helpful to these meetings. Projectors, flip charts and conference lines should also be provided. As the content of these meetings is often highly confidential, special care should be taken to provide acoustical and visual privacy and a minimum of disruptions. Providing the right tools, furniture and space design for a specific meeting type are key elements in achieving your meeting goals. Paying attention to every detail can make a meaningful difference to the end result.

Generative Meetings
Generative Meetings are about creating new content together. They usually occur in small groups of 2-8 people. The work can go on for long periods of time or be a short breakout from a larger informative meeting. The work requires strong focus from the participants and the ability to capture, manipulate, retrieve and preserve the content they have created. Resource allocation for this meeting type includes lots of whiteboards and flip charts, mobile chairs and tables, and intimate/private space. In addition to collaborative technologies, it is important to provide a generous supply of paper-based tools such as Post-it® Notes, tape, pins and markers.

Informative Meetings
Informative Meetings are about the sharing or broadcasting of predetermined information.

Emergency Meeting

Form of Meeting. Emergency meetings may be held by any of the following methods:
•In Person. Directors can gather together at a physical location and convene a meeting to address the emergency.

•Email. Email may be used as a method of conducting emergency meetings ________ .

•Telephone-Video Conference.

Components of Meetings

A meeting can be divided into the following three main components:
Content is the knowledge, information, experience, expertise, opinions, ideas, attitudes and expectations that each individual brings to a meeting.
Interaction is the way in which the participants work together to deal with the content of a meeting. This includes the feelings, attitudes and expectations of the participants which have a direct bearing on co-operation, listening, participation and trust.
Structure is the way in which both the information and the participants are organised to achieve the purpose/objectives of the meeting.

Before any meeting, the chairperson should ask and resolve the following questions:

What is the purpose of the meeting?
Is a meeting appropriate?
How should the meeting be planned?
Who should attend the meeting?
What preparation is required for the meeting?
What is the Purpose of the Meeting?
All meetings must have a purpose or aim and the chairperson must ask questions, questions as:

What is to be achieved by this meeting?
Is advice required on a particular issue?
Has a problem arisen that needs prompt discussion?
Is this a regular meeting to keep members 'in touch'?
Is a Meeting Appropriate?
The chairperson should always consider whether a meeting is necessary or if some other means of communication is more appropriate,for example memos or emails targeted to individuals inviting comment. Unnecessary meetings may waste time, lead to frustration and negativity and may lower motivation to participate in future meetings.

How Should the Meeting be Planned?
This will very much depend on the type of meeting to be held. There should be some rationale behind every meeting, no matter how low-level or informal, and this will largely dictate the content and indicate how planning should proceed.

Who Will Attend the Meeting?
This is often decided by the nature of the meeting itself. In a small organisation, a meeting could well include all members of staff, whereas a working party or committee meeting will already have its members pre-determined. In a large organisation or department, staff attending might well be representing others. It is important that the full implications of such representation are realised by the individuals concerned as they are not merely speaking for themselves. Meetings outside the workplace may include members of the board of directors or other interested parties.

What Preparations are Needed for the Meeting?
If maximum contribution is to be forthcoming from all participants, the purpose of the meeting should be recognised by all. The most tangible expression of this is the agenda which should be circulated beforehand to all those invited to the meeting. The agenda should:

Give the time and place of the meeting.
List the topics to be covered, indicating who will introduce them.
Have any relevant papers attached.
Give the time the meeting will close.
The Agenda: This is the outline plan for the meeting. In most formal meetings it is drawn up by the secretary in consultation with the chairperson. The secretary must circulate the agenda well in advance of the meeting, including any accompanying papers. The secretary also requests items for inclusion in the agenda.

Regular meetings often start with the minutes from the last meeting followed by 'matters arising' which forms a link with what has happened in the previous meeting. Most meetings conclude with 'any other business' (AOB) which gives everyone the opportunity for any genuine last minute items to be raised; though more formal meetings may have AOB items listed on the agenda.

Running Effective Meetings: Types of Meetings

Managing meetings effectively is a core skill every manager should develop. Although there's no mystery to what makes a meeting productive, it can take practice and attention to detail to become an effective leader of meetings. It all starts with knowing when to call a meeting, and why.

Is It a Meeting?
How do you know it's time to call a meeting?
What type of meeting is it? What's the purpose of the meeting? Here are some typical situations when a meeting may be called for:

•You're Managing a Project
Projects tend to require meetings at various stages: at the beginning, as the project plan is coming together, and at regular intervals while the work is being done. Toward the end of the project, depending on its size, daily meetings could be necessary.

•You're Managing People
Many bosses call weekly staff meetings in addition to weekly one-on-one meetings with their direct reports. These standing meetings provide a chance to review the work accomplished in the previous week and look ahead to what will be accomplished in the coming week. Weekly one-on-one meetings also give the chance to provide feedback outside the performance review process.

•You're Managing a Client
Many types of ______, especially professional services _____, make presentations to clients - sales presentations, kickoff meetings, interim status meetings, and final presentations. Ongoing relationships also typically involve periodic meetings.

•Email is Getting Complicated
When an email conversation gets increasingly complex, it can be time to call a meeting so that the conversation can take place in spoken words - which can be quicker than a series of carefully crafted email responses. A conference call or an in-person meeting may be necessary.

•Problems are Arising
If a project is getting off course, interpersonal conflicts are escalating, or any other emergency occurs, it's time to call a meeting. Groups are great at some tasks, like weighing alternatives and generating ideas. But sometimes a meeting is not the best or most efficient way to get something done. Some types of work are best done in subcommittees - even subcommittees of one - then presented to the larger group for review and approval. An example is the group asked to provide comments and suggested changes to a document. It is said that a committee can write the Declaration of Independence, provided they appoint a subcommittee with Thomas Jefferson as chair.

What Type of Meeting is It?
The purpose of the meeting should help determine the appropriate format. If it's to get clarification on something, a quick question at the water cooler or a visit to someone's office may take the place of a meeting. The length and formality of the meeting will vary depending on how many people are invited, how much notice is given, the size of the company (larger _____ often have more formal meeting protocols than smaller ones), and who's leading the meeting. The basic types of meetings are as follows.

•Standing Meeting
A regularly scheduled appointment, such as a weekly one-on-one with a boss or a department; or a project meeting taking place at intervals until the project is over. Since these meetings recur, their format and agenda become relatively well established. Although it's important to hold these meetings at routine intervals for convenience and consistency, at times they can be rescheduled. •Topical Meeting
A gathering called to discuss one subject, such as a work issue or a task related to a project. •Presentation
A highly structured meeting where one or more people speak and a moderator leads the proceedings. The purpose is usually to inform. Attendees may have an opportunity to ask questions, but typically their participation is limited. •Conference
A highly structured, moderated meeting, like a presentation, where various participants contribute following a fixed agenda. •Emergency Meeting
A meeting called to address a crisis, whether internal or external. Such meetings are often arranged with very little notice, but attendance is mandatory. If the emergency meeting conflicts with another appointment, the emergency meeting typically takes precedence. •Seminar
A structured meeting with an educational purpose. Seminars are usually led by people with expertise in the subject matter.

What's Different About Conference Calls and Videoconferences?
Conference calls and videoconferences are similar to in-person meetings, but the differences in media suggest some changes in the way these meetings are managed. Here are some tips on managing technology-enabled conferences.
•Set an agenda in advance.
•Choose a time that works for all participants, factoring in time zones.
•Confirm attendee list and make sure all handouts have arrived.
•If the call is incoming, be ready when the phone rings. If you're cutting it close, delegate someone to pick up.
•If the call is outgoing, dial in one or two minutes before the conference is scheduled to begin.
•If you're initiating, learn how to use the conferencing system ahead of time.
•Identify yourself by name even if your system does it automatically.
•Make sure you can see and hear everyone (videoconferences).
•Greet each person by name.
•Don't leave out the small talk.
•Repeat names during the call (especially teleconferences).
•If you're a silent participant, resist the urge to talk.
•Let one person speak at a time, so that no one's words get cut off.

•Stick to your role: are you leading? facilitating? lurking?
•If a party becomes disconnected from a call facilitated by a teleconferencing system, that person should dial back in unobtrusively.
•If parties are disconnected from a three-way call, the person who initiated the call should reconnect the person. •End on time. As in all meetings, it's important to stick to the agenda and manage time effectively.

Here are further guidelines.

Managing skills
What are managing skills?
Managing skills are everyday life and job skills.
What are examples of everyday managing skills?
What are examples of managing skills relevant to work?
How has the Internet changed everyday and job-specific managing skills?
Here are various examples.
I update www.qureshiuniversity.com every day relevant to everyday managing skills and job-specific managing skills of various jobs.
This would not have been possible before computer and Internet.

People Skills

What are other terms for people skills?
Interpersonal skills
Soft skills

Survival skills

What are survival skills?
Survival skills are techniques people may use in a dangerous situation, like a natural disaster, to save themselves and others.

Biodata, Resume, Curriculum Vitae, Biography, and Bibliography

What is the difference between a biodata, resume, curriculum vitae, biography, and bibliography?
Biodata is one page or 300 words.
Resume is 2 pages.
Curriculum Vitae is more than 2 pages.
Biography is more than 50 pages.
These are all man-made demarcations.
No universal scientific law is applicable to this situation.

Nonhumans do not learn abilities.
Nonhumans do not learn English language abilities.

Can you name one animal with scientific classification of living things that can learn English language reading, speaking, understanding, and writing abilities?
It is silly to suggest that nonhuman animals can learn English language reading, speaking, understanding, and writing abilities.

Age 18 or more

How old are you?
What life skills should you have relevant to your age?
What life skills should a human 18 years old or older have?


Where is the Europe in Asia?
North west asia is also called Europe.
For directional purposes, Asia has been demarcated as South Asia, Southeast Asia, Northwest Asia, Middle east Asia , Asia Pacific, etc.

Head of the state does not have to make difficult decisions.
Head of the state has to guide others in the state and outside the state.

English language has become first language in all states around the world.

Comparison between human and nonhuman learning.
Let’s examine this.
This is relevant to comparison with human abilities.
Birds can build nests, birds cannot build a building. So birds do not have professional abilities . Chimps can make tools and be taught to count. I have not seen any chimp like this . Animals have their own forms of communication, etc. Can animals have English language understanding, reading, speaking, writing abilities?
No.

Orientals do not have English language abilities; at some point English translation is required. English language is most popular language.
Questioning Skills

Questions you should know about human communications skills.
What method of communication do you prefer?
E-mail
Telephone
In-person meeting
Text
Video
Letter
Social media
Other

What is effective communication?
How to Develop Good Communication Skills
What makes communication effective?
What are the different methods of communication?
Why is Communication Important?
What is interpersonal communication?
What do people write about in communication studies?
How can communication skills be improved?
Why are some young people not so good at communicating?
Why are communication skills important?
What do people write about in communication studies?
How do young people communicate?
Communication as academic discipline
Communication noise
Nonhuman communication
Barriers to effective human communication
Written communication and its historical development
Oral communication
Nonverbal communication
Human communication
Here are further guidelines.
Communication Skills
Communication skills are included in general skills.
English language skills are included in general skills.

A person should have both general skills and work-specific skills.

Communication Skills

Communication skills are essential skills.

There was no response from you: What seems to be the problem?

What is the reason you did not reply?


Not replying is not a healthy sign.

What best describes your situation?
Someone is intimidating me not to reply.
I do not know how to reply.
I do not have Internet services every day.
I am involved in various harms; I do not know how to manage the issues and am very upset.
I am living among uncivilized people.
I am not feeling well.
I have been harmed.

What are further details?

Communication skills

Speaking
Listening
Writing
Reading Effectively


Data communication
Non-Verbal Communication: body language, gestures, how we dress or act - even our scent.
Sign system
Smalltalk
Spoken or Verbal Communication: face-to-face, telephone, radio or television or other media.
Face-to-Face Discussions

Face-to-face discussions are possible after you go through online education, and you point out issues you did not understand.

Take a look at online resources; you will see the difference.

Telecommunication
Telepathy
What is Communication?
Communication Skills

Communication is simply the act of transferring information from one place to another.

Although this is a simple definition, when we think about how we may communicate the subject becomes a lot more complex. There are various categories of communication and more than one may occur at any time. The different categories of communication are:

Spoken or Verbal Communication: face-to-face, telephone, radio or television or other media.

Non-Verbal Communication: body language, gestures, how we dress or act - even our scent.

Written Communication: letters, e-mails, books, magazines, the Internet or via other media.

Visualizations: graphs, charts, maps, logos and other visualizations can communicate messages.

Written Communication: letters, e-mails, books, magazines, the Internet or via other media.

The ability to communicate our needs and wants is one of life's most basic activities. Communication involves the exchange of information between a sender and a receiver. It's a two-way street—the sender and receiver are both necessary for communication to take place. For communication to be effective, the sender and receiver each needs to understand the message being communicated and the method being used to communicate.

Types of Communication

Oral Communication
Written Communication
Body Language

These range from gestures to manual signs, to systems using objects, pictures, or symbols, to technological devices—or to combinations of all these methods.

Below is a list ranking six methods of communication:
1.Face-to-face meeting
2.Videoconference
3.Virtual meeting
4.Phone call
5.Voice mail
6.E-mail

What are Oral and Written Communication Skills and Why are they important?

Communication problems

Some problem behaviours that can get in the way of communicating well with others include:

Not listening - by having your mind somewhere else when others are speaking to you and not really responding to their thoughts and feelings about a particular topic Looking away when the other person is talking Yawning when the other person is talking or during the conversation Talking too fast or too slow Using a voice tone that's unpleasant and hard to listen to Giving unwanted advice - no one likes to be told what to do Talking over the top of others - because you're not listening or think your point is much more important than theirs Talking about yourself too much Changing the topic suddenly and without explanation

Top 10 Valued Workplace Skills include communication, organizational, computer, interpersonal, analytical, leadership, problemsolving, time management, mathematical and professional skills.

Communication

Negotiating; bargaining; persuading; debating issues without being unpleasant or abrasive to others Greeting people; representing others to the public; selling; demonstrating products or services Courteous telephone skills Reporting; conveying information; explaining issues or procedures Listening effectively Interviewing; drawing out others' views; probing for information Demonstrating skills in the use of language, grammar and punctuation Expressing ideas in written form; editing; revising; preparing concise and logically written materials Organizing and presenting ideas effectively for both formal and spontaneous speeches • Participating in group discussions

Organizational

Identifying tasks to be accomplished Pulling elements together in an orderly, functional, and structured whole Facilitating discussions on program planning processes Facilitating brainstorming activities Giving constructive feedback on others' work Prioritizing tasks; getting most important work done first

Computer

Identifying and using appropriate software Identifying, analyzing, and solving hardware or technical difficulties Teaching others to use computer programs Understanding different application programs Using HTML and other web design tools Understanding and using different operating systems like UNIX and Windows

Interpersonal

Interacting effectively with peers, superiors, and assistants
Understanding the feelings of others
Analyzing behavior of self and others in group situations
Demonstrating effective social behavior in a variety of settings and under different circumstances
Maintaining group cooperation and support
Making and keeping commitments to others

Analytical/Critical Thinking

Analyzing the interrelationships of events and ideas from several perspectives
Identifying reasonable standards for assessing the appropriateness of an action
Identifying the general principles that explain interrelated events
Applying appropriate criteria to strategies and action plans
Understanding and making logical arguments

Leadership

Motivating others towards the accomplishment of a common goal or vision
Understanding and working to fulfill the needs of each team member
Knowing, using, and properly allocating a team’s resources
Effectively planning team activities
Influencing the actions of team members by setting a good example
Dealing with team disputes quickly, fairly and effectively
Assigning duties and responsibilities effectively
Effective problem solving and conflict resolution
Anticipating problems before they occur
Defining problems and identifying possible causes
Identifying possible solutions and selecting the most appropriate ones
Developing plans to apply new solutions
Creating inventive solutions to complex problems
Adapting one's ideas and behaviors to changing customs and rules
Quickly and accurately identifying the critical issues when making a decision or solving a problem

Time Management

Managing and organizing projects while being conscious of schedules and deadlines
Setting realistic goals
Organizing work effectively; breaking projects down into manageable steps
Prioritizing work to do most critical tasks first

Mathematical

Interpreting, manipulating, and using numerical data effectively Understanding and managing financial plans
Understanding and controlling operating expenses
Creating formulas
Recognizing and understanding data in different forms (like graphs)
Using precise dataentry
techniques; analyzing data
Recognizing abnormalities or mistakes in data

Professional

Representing an organization through appropriate dress, language, behavior, and business ethics
Complying with the _____'s _______rules and expectations
Treating coworkers,
superiors, assistants, and customers with respect
Working toward compromise in situations of disagreement or dispute Working within project protocols
Showing loyalty to an organization
Being punctual and working efficiently
Producing high quality results



Here are further guidelines.
Communication Skills

Being able to communicate with others is one of the best life skills a person can develop. Someone who can effectively communicate thoughts, ideas, and feelings is better equipped for success both on the job and in personal relationships.

Effective communication is much more than being able to talk; it is also the ability to listen and understand others, to “read” and interpret body language and to know the best ways to get our points across.

To be a better speaker:
Be considerate. Don’t dominate the conversation by talking only about yourself. Use questions to probe the person’s feelings or opinions on the topic of conversation.

Speak clearly. Don’t mumble or talk in the opposite direction of the listener. Also, use words that you know the listener might understand.

Stay focused on the conversation. Doing something else while you are talking, such as typing or working on a car, sends a message to the listener that you don’t think the conversation is worthy of your full attention, and it could inhibit the listener’s responses to what you say.

Be brief. Don’t over talk a point. It may cause the other person to lose interest in the conversation.

Learn to “read” the listener. If the other person seems inattentive or uncomfortable, it is probably not a good time to be carrying on a conversation. Recommend having the conversation at another time. To be a better listener:

Eliminate distractions. If you find it hard to concentrate because of your surroundings, move to another area or schedule another time to talk.

Make time to listen. If you are in a hurry or don’t have time, let the speaker know and schedule another time to talk. Better to delay the conversation than to risk having an important conversation cut short.

Practice reflective listening. Repeat what you think the speaker said to ensure you heard the speaker correctly. This is called “reflective listening” and it is identified by statements as “If I understand you correctly…” reflective listening gives the speaker a chance to clarify a point and ensures that both the speaker and the listener are on the same page.

Listen for understanding. If you don’t understand what is being said, don’t by shy or embarrassed to ask questions. It is better to ask for clarification than to risk a misunderstanding that could lead to problems later on.

Wait for the speaker to finish. Don’t interrupt, even when it’s apparent the person speaking is gathering his/her thoughts.

Pay attention to what is being said. When someone is speaking, don’t spend that time preparing your remarks or working on a project – listen.

Keep eye contact. Doing so shows that you are interested in what is being said, which may encourage the speaker to express him/herself more freely.

The fine points of arguing fairly:

Everyone gets into arguments, but good communicators know how to argue fairly. Here are some guidelines to keep your arguments from going too far south.

Don’t resort to name calling. Never, ever call a partner a hurtful name. Try the five-second rule (below) to choose words that are appropriate and relevant to the disagreement.

Try the five-second rule. Because we sometimes say things without thinking of the consequences, wait five seconds before you comment on what is just been said. Use this time to exercise control and think about what you should say.

Stick to the issue at hand. Talk only about the present point of disagreement. Bringing up or engaging in discussions about past problems adds the proverbial fuel to the fire. It also shifts the focus from the present problem, which means it probably won’t get resolved and will cause trouble again.

Manage your anger. Anger is a natural emotion, especially when you are having a disagreement. But don’t allow your anger to turn violent. If you feel your anger reaching that point, leave the scene immediately and do something safe to calm yourself down – counting to 20, taking a brisk walk or exercising. Don’t resort to drugs or alcohol or drive your car away on all cylinders.

Speak and act with regard for the other person. Remember with whom you are arguing. It may be a marriage partner or someone whom you love and care about deeply. Although that is probably the last thing on your mind when you are having a disagreement, it should be the first.

What is effective communication?
How to Develop Good Communication Skills
What makes communication effective?

Communication Skills—skills that describe your listening, writing, language abilities, understanding and speaking a foreign language, presenting information to groups, or team, listening, taking directions.
Top 15 Communication Skills
1. English language reading abilities.
2. English language speaking abilities.
3. English language understanding abilities.
4. English language writing abilities.
5. Listening
6. Nonverbal Communication
7. Clarity and Concision
8. Friendliness
9. Confidence
10. Empathy
11. Open-Mindedness
12. Respect
13. Feedback
14. Picking the Right Medium
15. Presentation Skills

Internet communication
Internet communications
What is Internet communication?
The most common methods of communications on the Internet (as well as within the major online services) can be roughly grouped into six categories: one-to-one messaging (such as "e-mail"), one-to-many messaging (such as "listserv"), distributed message databases (such as "USENET newsgroups"), real time communication (such as "Internet Relay Chat"), real time remote computer utilization (such as "telnet"), and remote information retrieval (such as "ftp," "gopher," and the "World Wide Web"). Most of these methods of communication can be used to transmit text, data, computer programs, sound, or visual images.



Is there a difference between Internet communications and world wide web presentation?
Yes.

What is the difference between Internet communications and world wide web presentation?
Internet communications consists of 6 categories of communications.
World wide web presentation is one among many categories of Internet communications.

What are the categories of Internet communication?
1 One-to-one messaging (such as e-mail).
2 One-to-many messaging (such as listserv).
3 Distributed message databases (such as USENET newsgroups).
4 Real-time communication (such as Internet Relay Chat).
5 Real-time remote computer utilization (such as telnet).
6 Remote data retrieval (such as ftp, gopher, and the World Wide Web).

World wide web presentation

What is an example of world wide web presentation?
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com is an example of world wide web presentation.
This is an educational resource.

Questions that have been answered.
What are the types of presentations?
How should you improve your presentation skills?
How should you plan an effective presentation?
How many participants are expected to attend?
Here are further facts.
www.qureshiuniversity.com/communicationskills.html
Face-to-face in-person presentation.

What should you do before face-to-face in-person presentation?
First do world wide web presentation.
Presence on world wide web does not always mean world wide web presentation.
Academic topics, issues, abilities, professions, products, services, and intended audience are essential in world wide web presentation.

You must first introduce yourself.
Your attention, please.
I would like to introduce myself to you.
I am Asif Qurehsi.
I am the founder of Qureshi University and Global democratic party.
I can guide 45 departments in the state and outside the state.
I can guide 611 professions, including teacher, lawyer, engineer, and physician.

Why are we here today?
We are here today for a presentation on the topic of world state governments.

How much time have I been allocated?
10 minutes.

What is the topic of this presentation?
World state governments is the topic of this presentation.

What do I expect my audience to do?
Listen to me.
Take notes.
Read the documents I provided.
Ask questions before/during/after presentation.
Preserve documents that I have provided.

What do I intend to be the outcome of this presentation?
You will enhance your knowledge.
This knowledge will help you to resolve relevant issues.

How will I be presenting the topic?
Speaking.
Documentation.

How should you ask questions during presentation?
Raise your hand.
Excuse me, I have a question.
What is the question?

What are my recommendations?
If you have any issues in the state or outside the state, www.qureshiuniversity.com has all further guidelines.
Do you have any questions for me?

Is it legal to e-record?
Yes.

What is electronic recording or e-recording?
What are the benefits of e-recording vs. paper recording or filing documents through traditional means?
World Wide Web Presentation

What is effective communication?

Communication is about more than just exchanging information. It's about understanding the emotion and intentions behind the information. Effective communication is how you convey a message so that it is received and understood by someone in exactly the way you intended.

More than just the words you use, effective communication combines a set of skills including nonverbal communication, attentive listening, managing stress in the moment, the ability to communicate assertively, and the capacity to recognize and understand your own emotions and those of the person you’re communicating with.

Effective communication is the glue that helps you deepen your connections to others and improve teamwork, decision-making, and problem solving. It enables you to communicate even negative or difficult messages without creating conflict or destroying trust.

While effective communication is a learned skill, it is more effective when it’s spontaneous rather than formulaic. A speech that is read, for example, rarely has the same impact as a speech that’s delivered (or appears to be delivered) spontaneously. Of course, it takes time and effort to develop these skills and become an effective communicator. The more effort and practice you put in, the more instinctive and spontaneous your communication skills will become.

Barriers to effective interpersonal communication

  • Stress and out-of-control emotion. When you’re stressed or emotionally overwhelmed, you’re more likely to misread other people, send confusing or off-putting nonverbal signals, and lapse into unhealthy knee-jerk patterns of behavior. Take a moment to calm down before continuing a conversation.
  • Lack of focus. You can’t communicate effectively when you’re multitasking. If you’re planning what you’re going to say next, daydreaming, checking text messages, or thinking about something else, you’re almost certain to miss nonverbal cues in the conversation. You need to stay focused on the moment-to-moment experience.
  • Inconsistent body language. Nonverbal communication should reinforce what is being said, not contradict it. If you say one thing, but your body language says something else, your listener will likely feel you’re being dishonest. For example, you can’t say “yes” while shaking your head no.
  • Negative body language. If you disagree with or dislike what’s being said, you may use negative body language to rebuff the other person’s message, such as crossing your arms, avoiding eye contact, or tapping your feet. You don’t have to agree, or even like what’s being said, but to communicate effectively without making the other person defensive it’s important to avoid sending negative signals.

Improving communication skills #1: Be a good listener

People often focus on what they should say, but effective communication is more about listening than it is about talking. Listening well means not just understanding the words or the information being communicated, but also understanding how the speaker feels about what they’re communicating. When you really listen, you make the other person feel heard and understood, which can help build a stronger, deeper connection between you.

If your goal is to fully understand and connect with the other person, listening effectively will often come naturally. If it doesn’t, try the following tips. The more you practice them, the more satisfying and rewarding your interactions with others will become.

Tips for effective listening

  • Focus fully on the speaker, his or her body language, and other nonverbal cues. If you’re daydreaming, checking text messages, or doodling, you’re almost certain to miss nonverbal cues in the conversation. If you find it hard to concentrate on some speakers, try repeating their words over in your head—it’ll reinforce their message and help you stay focused.
  • Avoid interrupting or trying to redirect the conversation to your concerns, by saying something like, “If you think that’s bad, let me tell you what happened to me.” Listening is not the same as waiting for your turn to talk. You can’t concentrate on what someone’s saying if you’re forming what you’re going to say next. Often, the speaker can read your facial expressions and know that your mind’s elsewhere.
  • Try to set aside judgment. In order to communicate effectively with someone, you don’t have to like them or agree with their ideas, values, or opinions. However, you do need to set aside your judgment and withhold blame and criticism in order to fully understand a person. The most difficult communication, when successfully executed, can lead to the most unlikely and profound connection with someone.
  • Show your interest in what’s being said. Nod occasionally, smile at the person, and make sure your posture is open and inviting. Encourage the speaker to continue with small verbal comments like “yes” or “uh huh.”
  • Provide feedback. If there seems to be a disconnect, reflect what has been said by paraphrasing. "What I'm hearing is," or "Sounds like you are saying," are great ways to reflect back. Don’t simply repeat what the speaker has said verbatim, though—you’ll sound insincere or unintelligent. Instead, express what the speaker’s words mean to you. Ask questions to clarify certain points: "What do you mean when you say," or "Is this what you mean?"

Improving communication skills #2: Pay attention to nonverbal signals

When we communicate things that we care about, we do so mainly using nonverbal signals. Nonverbal communication, or body language, includes facial expressions, body movement and gestures, eye contact, posture, the tone of your voice, and even your muscle tension and breathing. The way you look, listen, move, and react to another person tells them more about how you’re feeling than words alone ever can.

Developing the ability to understand and use nonverbal communication can help you connect with others, express what you really mean, navigate challenging situations, and build better relationships at home and work.

  • You can enhance effective communication by using open body language—arms uncrossed, standing with an open stance or sitting on the edge of your seat, and maintaining eye contact with the person you’re talking to.
  • You can also use body language to emphasize or enhance your verbal message—patting a friend on the back while complimenting him on his success, for example, or pounding your fists to underline your message.

Tips for improving how you read nonverbal communication

  • Be aware of individual differences. People from different countries and cultures tend to use different nonverbal communication gestures, so it’s important to take age, culture, religion, gender, and emotional state into account when reading body language signals. An American teen, a grieving widow, and an Asian businessman, for example, are likely to use nonverbal signals differently.
  • Look at nonverbal communication signals as a group. Don’t read too much into a single gesture or nonverbal cue. Consider all of the nonverbal signals you receive, from eye contact to tone of voice to body language. Anyone can slip up occasionally and let eye contact slip, for example, or briefly cross their arms without meaning to. Consider the signals as a whole to get a better “read” on a person.

Tips for improving how you deliver nonverbal communication

  • Use nonverbal signals that match up with your words. Nonverbal communication should reinforce what is being said, not contradict it. If you say one thing, but your body language says something else, your listener will likely feel you’re being dishonest. For example, you can’t say “yes” while shaking your head no.
  • Adjust your nonverbal signals according to the context. The tone of your voice, for example, should be different when you’re addressing a child than when you’re addressing a group of adults. Similarly, take into account the emotional state and cultural background of the person you’re interacting with.
  • Use body language to convey positive feelings even when you're not actually experiencing them. If you’re nervous about a situation—a job interview, important presentation, or first date, for example—you can use positive body language to signal confidence, even though you’re not feeling it. Instead of tentatively entering a room with your head down, eyes averted, and sliding into a chair, try standing tall with your shoulders back, smiling and maintaining eye contact, and delivering a firm handshake. It will make you feel more self-confident and help to put the other person at ease.

Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress in check

To communicate effectively, you need to be aware of and in control of your emotions. And that means learning how to manage stress. When you’re stressed, you’re more likely to misread other people, send confusing or off-putting nonverbal signals, and lapse into unhealthy knee-jerk patterns of behavior.

How many times have you felt stressed during a disagreement with your spouse, kids, boss, friends, or coworkers and then said or done something you later regretted? If you can quickly relieve stress and return to a calm state, you’ll not only avoid such regrets, but in many cases you’ll also help to calm the other person as well. It’s only when you’re in a calm, relaxed state that you'll be able to know whether the situation requires a response, or whether the other person’s signals indicate it would be better to remain silent.

Staying calm under pressure

In situations such as a job interview, business presentation, high-pressure meeting, or introduction to a loved one’s family, for example, it’s important to manage your emotions, think on your feet, and effectively communicate under pressure. These tips can help:

  • Use stalling tactics to give yourself time to think. Have a question repeated, or ask for clarification of a statement before responding.
  • Pause to collect your thoughts. Silence isn’t necessarily a bad thing—pausing can make you seem more in control than rushing your response.
  • Make one point and provide an example or supporting piece of information. If your response is too long or you waffle about a number of points, you risk losing the listener’s interest. Follow one point with an example and then gauge the listener’s reaction to tell if you should make a second point.
  • Deliver your words clearly. In many cases, how you say something can be as important as what you say. Speak clearly, maintain an even tone, and make eye contact. Keep your body language relaxed and open.
  • Wrap up with a summary and then stop. Summarize your response and then stop talking, even if it leaves a silence in the room. You don’t have to fill the silence by continuing to talk.

Quick stress relief for effective communication

When things start to get heated in the middle of a conversation, you need something quick and immediate to bring down the emotional intensity. By learning to quickly reduce stress in the moment, though, you can safely face any strong emotions you’re experiencing, regulate your feelings, and behave appropriately. When you know how to maintain a relaxed, energized state of awareness—even when something upsetting happens—you can remain emotionally available and engaged.
To deal with stress during communication:

  • Recognize when you’re becoming stressed. Your body will let you know if you’re stressed as you communicate. Are your muscles or your stomach tight and/or sore? Are your hands clenched? Is your breath shallow? Are you "forgetting" to breathe?
  • Take a moment to calm down before deciding to continue a conversation or postpone it.
  • Bring your senses to the rescue and quickly manage stress by taking a few deep breaths, clenching and relaxing muscles, or recalling a soothing, sensory-rich image, for example. The best way to rapidly and reliably relieve stress is through the senses: sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell. But each person responds differently to sensory input, so you need to find things that are soothing to you.
  • Look for humor in the situation. When used appropriately, humor is a great way to relieve stress when communicating. When you or those around you start taking things too seriously, find a way to lighten the mood by sharing a joke or amusing story.
  • Be willing to compromise. Sometimes, if you can both bend a little, you’ll be able to find a happy middle ground that reduces the stress levels for everyone concerned. If you realize that the other person cares much more about something than you do, compromise may be easier for you and a good investment in the future of the relationship.
  • Agree to disagree, if necessary, and take time away from the situation so everyone can calm down. Take a quick break and move away from the situation. Go for a stroll outside if possible, or spend a few minutes meditating. Physical movement or finding a quiet place to regain your balance can quickly reduce stress.

Improving communication skills #4: Assert yourself

Direct, assertive expression makes for clear communication and can help boost self-esteem and decision-making. Being assertive means expressing your thoughts, feelings, and needs in an open and honest way, while standing up for yourself and respecting others. It does NOT mean being hostile, aggressive, or demanding. Effective communication is always about understanding the other person, not about winning an argument or forcing your opinions on others.
To improve assertiveness:

  • Value yourself and your opinions. They are as important as anyone else’s.
  • Know your needs and wants. Learn to express them without infringing on the rights of others.
  • Express negative thoughts in a positive way. It’s OK to be angry, but you must be respectful as well.
  • Receive feedback positively. Accept compliments graciously, learn from your mistakes, ask for help when needed.
  • Learn to say “no”. Know your limits and don’t let others take advantage of you. Look for alternatives so everyone feels good about the outcome.

Developing assertive communication techniques

  • Empathetic assertion conveys sensitivity to the other person. First, recognize the other person's situation or feelings, then state your needs or opinion. "I know you've been very busy at work, but I want you to make time for us as well."
  • Escalating assertion can be used when your first attempts are not successful. You become increasingly firm as time progresses, which may include outlining consequences if your needs are not met. For example, "If you don't abide by the contract, I'll be forced to pursue legal action."
  • Practice assertiveness in lower risk situations to start with to help build up your confidence. Or ask friends or family if you can practice assertiveness techniques on them first.

How to Develop Good Communication Skills

The ability to communicate effectively is important in relationships, education and work. Here are some steps and tips to help you develop good communication skills.

Understanding the Basics of Communication Skills

Know what communication really is. Communication is the process of transferring signals/messages between a sender and a receiver through various methods (written words, nonverbal cues, spoken words). It is also the mechanism we use to establish and modify relationships.

Have courage to say what you think. Be confident in knowing that you can make worthwhile contributions to conversation. Take time each day to be aware of your opinions and feelings so you can adequately convey them to others. Individuals who are hesitant to speak because they do not feel their input would be worthwhile need not fear. What is important or worthwhile to one person may not be to another and may be more so to someone else.

Practice. Developing advanced communication skills begins with simple interactions. Communication skills can be practiced every day in settings that range from the social to the professional. New skills take time to refine, but each time you use your communication skills, you open yourself to opportunities and future partnerships.

Make eye contact. Whether you are speaking or listening, looking into the eyes of the person with whom you are conversing can make the interaction more successful. Eye contact conveys interest and encourages your partner to be interested in you in return.
•One technique to help with this is to consciously look into one of the listener’s eyes and then move to the other eye. Going back and forth between the two makes your eyes appear to sparkle. Another trick is to imagine a letter “T” on the listener’s face ,with the crossbar being an imaginary line across the eye brows and the vertical line coming down the center of the nose. Keep your eyes scanning that “T” zone.

Use gestures. These include gestures with your hands and face. Make your whole body talk. Use smaller gestures for individuals and small groups. The gestures should get larger as the group that one is addressing increases in size.

Don’t send mixed messages. Make your words, gestures, facial expressions and tone match. Disciplining someone while smiling sends a mixed message and is therefore ineffective. If you have to deliver a negative message, make your words, facial expressions, and tone match the message.

Be aware of what your body is saying. Body language can say so much more than a mouthful of words. An open stance with arms relaxed at your sides tells anyone around you that you are approachable and open to hearing what they have to say.

•Arms crossed and shoulders hunched, on the other hand, suggest disinterest in conversation or unwillingness to communicate. Often, communication can be stopped before it starts by body language that tells people you don't want to talk.

•Appropriate posture and an approachable stance can make even difficult conversations flow more smoothly.

Manifest constructive attitudes and beliefs. The attitudes you bring to communication will have a huge impact on the way you compose yourself and interact with others. Choose to be honest, patient, optimistic, sincere, respectful, and accepting of others. Be sensitive to other people's feelings, and believe in others' competence.

Develop effective listening skills: Not only should one be able to speak effectively, one must listen to the other person's words and engage in communication on what the other person is speaking about. Avoid the impulse to listen only for the end of their sentence so that you can blurt out the ideas or memories your mind while the other person is speaking.

Enunciate your words. Speak clearly and don’t mumble. If people are always asking you to repeat yourself, try to do a better job of articulating yourself in a better manner.

Pronounce your words correctly. People will judge your competency through your vocabulary. If you aren’t sure of how to say a word, don’t use it.

Use the right words. If you’re not sure of the meaning of a word, don’t use it. Grab a dictionary and start a daily habit of learning one new word per day. Use it sometime in your conversations during the day.

Slow your speech down. People will perceive you as nervous and unsure of yourself if you talk fast. However, be careful not to slow down to the point where people begin to finish your sentences just to help you finish.

Develop your voice. A high or whiny voice is not perceived to be one of authority. In fact, a high and soft voice can make you sound like prey to an aggressive co-worker or make others not take you seriously. Begin doing exercises to lower the pitch of your voice. Try singing, but do it an octave lower on all your favorite songs. Practice this and, after a period of time, your voice will begin to lower.

Animate your voice. Avoid a monotone and use dynamics. Your pitch should raise and lower periodically.

Use appropriate volume. Use a volume that is appropriate for the setting. Speak more softly when you are alone and close. Speak louder when you are speaking to larger groups or across larger spaces.

Job Skills Examples

Basic skills

When you have basic skills, you can read, write, perform arithmetic and mathematical operations, listen, and speak.

  • Reading: You can locate, understand, and interpret written information such as manuals, graphs, and schedules.

  • Writing: You can communicate thoughts, ideas, information, and messages in writing and create documents such as letters, directions, manuals, reports, graphs, and flow charts.

  • Arithmetic/mathematics: You can perform basic computations and approach practical problems by choosing appropriately from a variety of mathematical techniques.

  • Listening: You receive, attend to, interpret, and respond to verbal messages and other cues.

  • Speaking: You organize ideas and communicate orally.

People skills

These are the skills that allow the “wonder of you” to mesh well with others. They include social, negotiation, leadership, teamwork, and cultural diversity.

  • Social: You respect the feelings of others, assert yourself when appropriate, and take an interest in what others say and why they think and act as they do.

  • Negotiation: You present the facts and arguments of your position and listen to and understand the other party’s position, create possible ways to resolve conflict, and make reasonable compromises.

  • Leadership: You communicate thoughts and feelings to justify the position you champion, encourage or convince others, and motivate people to believe in and trust you.

  • Teamwork: You work cooperatively with others, contribute ideas and effort, and do your share of the work.

  • Cultural diversity: You work well with people who have different ethnic, social, or educational backgrounds.

Thinking skills

These skills enable you to think creatively, make decisions, solve problems, visualize, and know how to learn and reason.

  • Creative thinking: You generate new ideas.

  • Decision making: You have the ability to specify goals and understand reasons not to do something.

  • Problem solving: You can recognize a problem and devise a plan of action to deal with it.

  • Visualizing: You can picture symbols and organize them in your mind’s eye.

  • Knowing how to learn: You are able to use efficient learning techniques to acquire and apply new knowledge and skills.

  • Reasoning: You concentrate on discovering a rule or principle underlying the relationship between two or more objects and then apply it to solve a problem.

Personal qualities

Classified as skills, these personal qualities include responsibility, self-esteem, sociability, self-management, integrity, and honesty.

  • Responsibility: You put forth a high level of effort and persevere toward reaching your goal.

  • Self-esteem: You believe in your own self-worth and maintain a positive view of yourself.

  • Sociability: You show understanding, friendliness, adaptability, empathy, and politeness in group settings.

  • Self-management: You have a realistic view of your knowledge and skills, set realistic personal goals, and monitor progress toward those goals.


    Here are further guidelines.

Questioning Skills
Ability to Delegate - Interview Questions
Ambition - Interview Questions
Analytical Skills – Interview Questions
Assertiveness – Interview Questions
Awareness to Detail – Interview Questions
Career Goals – Interview Questions
Cooperation Skills – Interview Questions
Coaching Ability – Interview Questions
Communication Skills – Interview Questions
Confidence – Interview Questions
Conflict – Interview Questions
Creativity – Interview Questions
Customer Service – Interview Questions
Determination – Interview Questions
Diplomacy Skills – Interview Questions
Ethics – Interview Questions
Final Questions – Interview Questions
Illegal Questions – Interview Questions
Imagination – Interview Questions
Initiative – Interview Questions
Interpersonal Skills - Interview Questions
Inventiveness - Interview Questions
Job Knowledge - Interview Questions
Judgment - Interview Questions
Leadership - Interview Questions
Learning Skills - Interview Questions
Listening Skills - Interview Questions
Manage Change - Interview Questions
Management Ability - Interview Questions
Mental Attitude - Interview Questions
Motivation - Interview Questions
Negotiation Skills - Interview Questions
Organizational Skills - Interview Questions
Patience - Interview Questions
People Skills - Interview Questions
Personality Traits - Interview Questions
Present Job - Interview Questions
Pressure - Interview Questions
Problem Solving Abilities - Interview Questions
Profile Match for New _______ - Interview Questions
References - Interview Questions
Reliability - Interview Questions
Resignation - Interview Questions
Resourcefulness - Interview Questions
Responsibility - Interview Questions
Risk Taking - Interview Questions
Safety Skills - Interview Questions
Salary - Interview Questions
______ Ability - Interview Questions
Strategic Thinking - Interview Questions
Teamwork - Interview Questions
Technology Skills - Interview Questions
Trick Questions - Interview Questions
Written Communication Skills - Interview Questions

Presentation skills
What is a Presentation?
What are the types of presentations?
How should you improve your presentation skills?
How should you plan an effective presentation?
When and where will you deliver your presentation?
Will it be in a setting you are familiar with, or somewhere new?
Will the presentation be within a formal or less formal setting?
Will the presentation be to a small group or a large crowd?
Are you already familiar with the audience?
What equipment and technology will be available to you, and what will you be expected to use?
What is the audience expecting to learn from you and your presentation?
How to Create a PowerPoint Presentation

1. What is a Presentation?
A presentation is the process of presenting a topic to an audience.

Presentation is the practice of showing and explaining the content of a topic to an audience or learner. Presentation is also the means of communication which can be adapted to various speaking situation, such as talking to a group, addressing a meeting or briefing a team.

Presentations and reports are ways of communicating ideas and information to a group. But unlike a report, a presentation carries the speaker's personality better and allows immediate interaction between all the participants.

A presentation is created in the same manner as a report; however, it adds one additional element — The Human Element.

Questions you need to answer in this situation.

What are the issues?
What is the topic?
How many participants are there?
Have the participants displayed their profiles?
What is the location?
Who is recording these facts?
What is the format of recorded videos?


2. Types of presentation

There are 5 types of presentation:1 )Informative: Keep an informative presentation brief and to the point. Stick to the facts and avoid complicated information.2) Instructional: Your purpose in an instructional presentation is to give specific directions or orders. Your presentation will probably be a bit longer, because it has to cover your topic thoroughly.
3)Arousing: Your purpose in an arousingpresentation is to make people think about acertain problem or situation.4) Decision-making: Your purpose in a decision-making presentation is to move your audience totake your suggested action. A decision-makingpresentation presents ideas, suggestions, andarguments strongly enough to persuade anaudience to carry out your requests.5) Persuasive: Your purpose in a persuasivepresentation is to convince your listeners to acceptyour proposal.

4. How to make an effective presentation?
The first step of a great presentations is preplanning i.e. acquiring a room, informing participants, etc.
The second step is before preparing the presentation, ask yourself the following:
What is the purpose of the presentation?
Who will be attending?
What does the audience already know about the subject?
What is the audiences attitude towards me (e.g. hostile, friendly)?


5. Third, step is to prepare the presentation. A good presentation starts out with introductions and may include an icebreaker such as a story, interesting statement or fact. It should have a logical beginning, middle, and end.
Fourthly there are several options for structuring the presentation: Timeline: Arranged in sequential order. Climax: The main points are delivered in orderofincreasing importance.

6. Problem/Solution: A problem is presented, a solution is suggested, and benefits are then given. Simple to complex: Ideas are listed from the simplest to the most complex. Can also be done in reverse order.? Fifthly, after the body, comes the closing. This is where you ask for questions, provide a wrap-up.

7. Factors that affect effectivepresentation? The Voice: The voice is probably the most valuable tool of the presenter. It carries most of the content that the audience takes away. One of the oddities of speech is that we can easily tell others what is wrong with their voice, e.g. too fast, too high, too soft, etc. 1) Volume: How loud the sound is. The goal is to be heard without shouting. 2)Tone: The characteristics of a sound. . A voice that carries fear can frighten the

8. audience while a voice that carries laughter can get the audience to smile.? The Body: Your body communicates different impressions to the audience. People not only listen to you, they also watch you. 1)Postures: Slouching tells them you are indifferent or you do not care... even though you might care a great deal! On the other hand, displaying good posture tells your audience that you know what you are doing and you care deeply about it. 2)Eye contact: Speakers who make eye

9. open the flow of communication andconvey interest, concern, warmth, andcredibility.3)Facial Expression: Smiling is a powerfulcue that transmits happiness, friendliness,warmth, and liking.4)Gestures: If you fail to gesture whilespeaking, you may be perceived as boringand stiff.

10. Effective power point presentation FACTORS FOR EFFECTIVE PPT BIG SIMPLE CLEAR CONSISTENT

11. Make It Big(Text).

12. Keep It Simple (Text)
Do not have Too many colors Too Many Fonts and Styles
Follow the 6 x 7 rule
No more than 6 lines per slide
No more than 7 words per line

13. Make It Clear
ALL CAPITAL LETTERS ARE DIFFICULT TO READ? Upper and lower case letters are easier
Italics are difficult to read on screen
Normal or bold fonts are clearer
Underlines may signify hyperlinks
Instead, use colours to emphasise
Use contrasting colours
Light on dark vs dark on light
Use complementary colors

14. Be Consistent.

Presentation Skills

How to Improve Your Presentation Skills
28 Quick Tips for Effective Presentations
1.Do your research.

2.Know your audience. Talk naturally to your audience – although it may be appropriate to read short passages avoid reading from a script for the majority of your presentation.

3.Make a plan for your time limit. Vary the tone, pitch and volume of your voice to add emphasis and maintain the audience’s interest. Aim to speak loudly and clearly while facing your audience. Avoid talking in a monotone voice or turning your back to the audience. See Effective Speaking for more information.

4.Make eye contact with your audience. Do not stare at your feet, or the podium and avoid looking directly at any one person for more than a few seconds, gain eye contact with the individual members of the audience.

5.Use visual aids where appropriate, graphs and charts, diagrams, pictures and video - but don’t overdo it. Visual aids should help to illustrate and strengthen your points not be a distraction from what you are saying.
6.Rehearse your talk and check your timings. Always aim to finish you talk in time remembering to allow time for questions if appropriate.

7.Prepare and structure your presentation carefully. Introduce the subject – tell the audience what your talk is about. Explain the points you wish to convey. End with a summary of your points.

8.Stay focused throughout your presentation – avoid irrelevance and unnecessary detail.

9.Learn to channel any nervous energy, relax but stay alert.

10.Answer any questions as honestly and concisely as you can. If you don’t know the answer then say so and offer to provide further information at a later date.

11.Take a seminar or course on public speaking.

12.Join a _______'s organization.

13.Get inspired. Go see the best speakers in person and decide for yourself what makes them great.

14.Be human. Connect through your emotion. Nobody likes a boring speaker so infuse some energy into your gestures, inflect your voice as you would when talking to someone one-on-one, attempt self-deprecating humor and don’t be afraid to show your failures as an example to learn from.

15.Finish strong. End your presentation on a solid note. Don't let your presentation taper off or wrap things up when you or the audience looks bored.

16.Make a plan for your time limit.

17.Practice, practice, practice. If you want to improve your presentation skills, then one of the best things you can do is to practice your presentation. Practice it in front of the mirror, practice it in the shower, practice it in front of your close friends or family members.

18.Consider using technology. Technology, from using music or a slide projector, can help enhance your points and engage your audience.

19.Have a solid presentation structure. •Introduction: Hooking your your audience and introducing the main points you'll be making. In other words, "Tell 'em what you're gonna tell 'em." •Body: Using specific examples, facts, stories, and data to help illustrate your point. In essence, "Tell 'em." Restate your most important points to make sure they resonate with your audience. •Conclusion: Wrapping up your presentation with some food for thought while summarizing your main points. That is to say, "Tell 'em what you told 'em."

20.Get specific.

21.Be articulate.

22.Exude confidence.

23.Relax beforehand.

24.Have a strong opening.

25.Embrace the power of "you." Though you should avoid the second person when you're writing a formal essay, the word you is crucial to connecting to your audience during a presentation.

26.Repeat your important points.

27.Consider making time for a Q & A period. Having a question and answer period can help your audience really understand your material, connect with you and your presentation, and feel like they have gotten the full story on the subject you presented about. If you feel that your presentation calls for a question and answer period and that you can effectively make time for one without derailing your presentation, then you should plan for having a question and answer period after you've given the body of your presentation -- but before the closing. •You should give a time limit for questions, say, 5-10 minutes. Tell your audience that you're going to make this much time for questions so that you don't get off track by answering so many questions that your audience has forgotten the gist or your presentation. •Make sure you have a conclusion after the question period. You don't want to give a stellar presentation and then have it peter off into a series of irrelevant questions.

28.Get feedback.

Preparing a Presentation
Organising the Material
Writing Your Presentation
Deciding the Presentation Method
Working with Visual Aids
Managing the Event
Coping with Presentation Nerves
Dealing With Questions

What is the purpose of the presentation?
Who will be attending?
What does the audience already know about the subject?
What is the audience's attitude towards me (e.g. hostile, friendly)?

Planning an effective presentation

What is a effective presentation?

A effective presentation makes the best use of the relationship between the presenter and the audience. It takes full consideration of the audience’s needs in order to capture their interest, develop their understanding, inspire their confidence and achieve the presenter’s objectives.

Careful planning is essential.

Seven stages in planning a presentation

1. Preparation

Many factors affect the design of your presentation. A powerful presenter will acknowledge and address each of the following:

•objectives;
•audience;
•venue;
•remit.

Objectives

Why you are making your presentation? Bear in mind what you want to achieve and what you want your audience to take away with them. Once you have decided upon your objectives, you are in a much better position to make strategic decisions about the design and tone of your presentation. For example, a presentation to a seminar group might require a balanced argument, whereas a charity appeal might require a more creative approach. Ask yourself:

•what do you want your audience to have understood?
•what action do you want your audience to take following your presentation?
•how can you best design your presentation to meet your objectives?

Audience

Your audience will have a variety of different experiences, interests and levels of knowledge. A powerful presenter will need to acknowledge these and prepare for and respond to them accordingly. Ask yourself:

•how much will your audience already know about your topic?
•how can you link new material to things they might already understand?
•will you need to win them over to a particular point of view?
You may not be able to answer these questions for each member of your audience but you should have enough information to ensure that you have targeted your material at the right level for their needs. This might involve avoiding technical jargon or explaining abstract concepts with clear practical examples. If you fail to consider your audience’s needs, you will fail to appeal to their interest and imagination.

Venue

Where will you be making your presentation? What will the room be like?
What atmosphere will the physical conditions create? A large lecture theatre might create a formal atmosphere. Similarly, a seminar room might create a less formal tone. Ask yourself:
•what kind of atmosphere do you wish to create?
•how might the room arrangement affect your relationship with the audience?
•can you do anything to change the arrangement of the room to suit your objectives?
•what audio-visual aids can you use?
Remit
You may well have been given a remit for your presentation; you will need to stick to this. For example, you may have been asked to present a paper at a conference in a certain style or meet certain assessment criteria on your course. Ask yourself:

•how much time have you been allocated?
•are you required to stick to a common format or style?
•have any guidelines been set regarding the content of your presentation (i.e. a predetermined title, or a fixed number of overhead transparencies)?
2. Choosing your main points
Once you have thought about the design of your presentation, you can define your main points. Try presenting no more than three main points in a ten minute presentation. Always allow time for an adequate introduction and conclusion. It is difficult for an audience to follow a more complex argument without significant help from the presenter. A powerful presentation delivers information in a logical, structured manner, building on the previous point and avoiding large jumps in sequence. Ask yourself:

•what are the main points you wish to make?
•are these points structured in a logical, coherent way?
•do these main points reflect your own objectives and take account of the needs of your audience? 3. Choosing your supporting information The supporting information helps your audience understand, believe in and agree with your main points. This evidence might take the form of factual data, points of detail or an explanation of process. It might be presented in imaginative ways using diagrams, pictures or video segments. Think about:
•what will add clarity to your argument (explaining complex terms, reminding your audience of any supporting theories)?
•what will add authority to your argument (making connections with other people's work, quoting experts, offering evidence from your own research)?
•what will add colour to your argument (showing a video clip or a slide, using a practical example or a vibrant analogy)?

4. Establishing linking statements The next stage is to develop the linear flow of your presentation. This can be achieved by using linking statements to show clearly how your main points fit together. Common linking statements include:
•“The next stage in our project was to …”;
•“Another important issue of consideration was …”;
•“By following this argument we can now see that …”.
Linking statements send signals to your audience, highlighting the next point in your argument, linking to earlier ideas or clarifying the stage you have reached in your argument overall. This may be of particular importance in a lengthy presentation where even the most effective presenter has to work hard to keep an audience involved.

5. Developing an opening

The introduction to your presentation is crucial. It is your first point of contact with your audience; you can either capture or lose your audience’s interest in a matter of seconds. Use your introduction to lay a clear foundation for the presentation to follow. Try using the following structure:

•introduce yourself;
•state what you will be talking about (a title or subject area);
•state how you will be talking about it (e.g. by comparing test results or reviewing the supporting literature);
•state what you intend to be the outcome of your presentation (an informed group, a lively discussion);
•state what you expect your audience to do (listen, take notes, read a handout, ask questions before/during/after).
Always give your audience a moment to absorb this information before moving into your first main point.

6. Developing a conclusion Your conclusion is another important stage in your presentation. You can use it to remind your audience of your main points, draw these points to a stimulating conclusion and leave your audience with a lasting impression of the quality of your presentation. The following structure provides a powerful conclusion:

•a review of your title or subject area “In this presentation I wanted to explore the relationship between X and Y.”;
•a summary of your main points “We have discussed the following points…”;
•a summary of the process you have been through “By looking at X we have found that Y …”;
•a conclusion clearly drawn from your main points (this must be supported by the detail of your presentation) “It is clear that there can be no substantive relationship between X and Y”;
•a parting statement to stimulate your audience’s thoughts (this might be a question or a bold comment).

7. Reviewing your presentation
Once you have written your presentation make sure that you review its content. Ask yourself:
•does the presentation meet your objectives?
•is it logically structured?
•have you targeted the material at the right level for your audience?
•is the presentation too long or too short?

Here are further guidelines.
Here are further guidelines.

How to Create a PowerPoint Presentation
What do I need to think about before designing my first slide?
How can I create a presentation that really connects with my audience?
How much textual content should I include?
How many slides should I have?
How can I be sure that my textual slides are as efficient and high-impact as possible?
What types of images should I incorporate into my slides and why?
What about slide transitions? Should I go all-out with them or limit them?
Should I add audio and video elements to my presentation?
Should I use charts? If so, what kind?
What are some common PowerPoint mistakes and clich?s to avoid?

Types of Presentations
World Wide Web Presentation
Demonstrations
Illustrated Talks
Public Speeches
Impromptu Speeches
Other

Demonstrations

A demonstration puts words into action. With this type of presentation, you will show how to do something at the same time you tell how to do it. There is a finished product at the end. If you have given a successful demonstration, the audience should leave knowing how to do what you have demonstrated.

Illustrated Talks

An illustrated talk is a way to share information with the audience. The topic should be educational in nature, but it can be very basic. No finished product is necessary, but visual aids must be used to help explain what is being said. Visual aids can include posters, slides, transparencies, models, or actual items. Examples of illustrated talks are:
· Nutritional requirements using charts and graphs
· Items in a first aid kit using samples of the items
· Tree identification using leaf/needle samples

Public Speeches

A public speech is just talking. No visual aids or props can be used. A speech can be informative or persuasive with the purpose to stimulate thought or present a point of view. Speeches should not simply entertain. They need to persuade the audience to agree with you, educate the audience, or get an emotional reaction from the audience. Speeches often have a personal tie-in, a way the topic relates to something that happened in your life. A speech may be the most difficult type of presentation. It requires careful planning and effective delivery. Since no visual aids are allowed, gestures and voice variety are very important. There also needs to be a clear theme or thesis and understandable points to follow. A speech is not an effective way to teach a difficult concept.

Impromptu Speeches

As the name implies, impromptu speeches require the presenter to compose and deliver a speech with little previous preparation. Like public speeches, no visual aids are used unless the speaker is given an object to talk about.

Impromptu speeches require you to “think on your feet.” You need to be able to come up with ideas on the spur of the moment and quickly organize them in a logical manner. Acquiring the skill to express yourself quickly is extremely beneficial. You will encounter many situations where it will be helpful to be able to give input on the spot.

Team Presentations

Demonstrations and illustrated talks may be done as an individual or team. (Public speaking and impromptu speeches are for individuals only.) A team usually consists of two members of the same age division.

Team presentations are good when four hands are needed to demonstrate something or when it is hard to do the work and talk at the same time. First-time presenters often like to work as a team because they don’t have to be in front of an audience by themselves. It can be comforting to have a friend up there with you.

When giving a team presentation, there needs to be a balance between the two team members. Both should talk equal amounts and/or demonstrate equal amounts. You should rotate between the speakers frequently without making it choppy. Shifts in speakers should seem natural. Don’t change speakers in the middle of a thought or a process. You can use a change in speakers to show transitions in the talk. At the end, the members should take turns answering questions. After giving an answer, ask if your partner has anything to add. In addition to speaking to the audience, there should be interaction between the team members. Asking each other questions is an easy way to do this. It’s not good for one person to talk a long time and then the other to talk a long time. Approaching a team presentation as a conversation between two people is a good way to plan at least part of your talk.

Team presentations are a good way to learn teamwork and cooperation. You need to be aware, however, that it can be difficult to do a really good team presentation. They require a lot of planning and practice in order to flow smoothly. Also be aware that some topics lend themselves to a team presentation better than others. Be sure that the topic you have chosen is one that works for a team and wouldn’t better be done by one person.

Panel - This refers to a proposal submission that includes three to four papers or topics that would form a single conference panel session. It includes a panel chair and an optional discussant. The convener (individual submitting the proposal) of a panel proposal is responsible for recruiting all of the papers and other components.

Practitioner Idea Swaps- This is an informal discussion that allows a presenter to speak on a topic related to best practices in public administration and/or management. There are normally up to 9 attendees at a time. No formal paper is presented. Practitioner Idea Swaps are broken into two sessions, each running 45 minutes, for a total of 90 minutes. This allows for an exchange through questions and dialogue between the table leader and attendees. Half way through the 90 minute time slot, attendees are given the opportunity to participate in another idea swap. Speakers may interact with 5-20 attendees during the 90 minute period.

Poster - A poster is a visual explanation of a topic. Posters are usually displayed in the Exhibit Hall or registration area. There is also a dedicated question and answer period for conference attendees with poster authors. To be considered for a poster display, please indicate in the proposal submission.

Workshop - This refers to a professional development session that is most relevant to practitioners. Workshops usually feature one or two presenters. The presentation is focused on best practices and functional takeaways for attendees.

Symposia - These are multi-session programs focused on a specific topic. They are half or full day events that usually take place one or two days before the official start of the Annual Conference.
What is the difference between Conference, Seminar, Symposium & Workshop?

Seminar

Definition: A seminar is a lecture or presentation delivered to an audience on a particular topic or set of topics that are educational in nature. It is usually held for groups of 5-50 individuals.

Formal presentation by one or more experts in which the attendees are encouraged to discuss the subject matter.

Workshop

A workshop is a series of educational and work sessions.

Symposium

Symposium is meeting of a number of experts in a particular field at which papers are presented by specialists on particular subjects and discussed with a view to making recommendations concerning the problems under discussion. Symposium: refer to any academic conference, or a style of university class characterized by an openly discursive format, rather than a lecture and question–answer format. The term symposium has come to refer to any event where multiple speeches are made. A symposium suggests that more than one person is speaking. A Symposium is typically a more formal or academic gathering, featuring multiple experts delivering short presentations on a particular topic.

Conference

Conference is a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda). A conference is pretty general and in fact could mean something with thousands of participants or something with just a few participants. None of these are hard and fast rules though. Conferences often features keynote presentations delivered to all attendees, as well as multiple break-out sessions.

Here are further guidelines.

English grammar relevant to word communication.
Analyzing English Grammar
Communication
What English grammar should you know relevant to communication?
Communication is a noun.
Communications is plural of communication.
Communicate is a verb base form.
Communicates is simple present or third person singular of the verb communicate.
Communicating is the present participle of the verb communicate. In some situations, this is called gerund.
Communicated is the past participle of verb communicate.
To communicate is the infinitive of the verb communicate.

What does communication mean?
Communication can mean transferring messages from human to human.
Communication can mean transferring messages from human to animal.
Communication can mean transferring messages or signals from animal to animal.
We are elaborating on human communications.
You should know types, categories, and methods of English grammar relevant to verbal human communication to understand human communications

What is human communication?
Human communication is the process of sending and receiving messages or transferring information from one party (sender) to another (receiver). Human communication can be a message such as a letter, phone call, e-mail, or other method of communications.

Why is there a need to elaborate on human communications compared to animals?
Humans communicate through spoken and written English or other languages, and non verbal types of communication. Animals do not learn types of communications compared to humans.

What is the meaning of the word communication?
The imparting or exchanging of information or news
A letter or message containing such information or news
The successful conveying or sharing of ideas and feelings
Social contact
Means of connection between people orplaces, in particular
The means of sending or receiving information, such as telephone lines or computers
The means of traveling or of transporting goods, such as roads or railroads
Thefield ofstudy concerned with thetransmission ofinformation byvarious means

What is another word for communication?
Here's a list of synonyms for this word.
contact, interaction, transfer, consultation, exchange, transmission, exchanging information, giving, ideas, connection, conversation, delivery, intelligence, link, advice, advisement, articulation, assertion, communion, converse, correspondence, declaration, dissemination, elucidation, expression, interchange, intercommunication, intercourse, mention, publication, reading, reception, revelation, talk, talking, telling, utterance, writing, announcing, corresponding, disclosing, making known, notifying, translating message, communiqué, announcement, statement, letter, email, phone call, fax, information transmitted, information, account, briefing, bulletin, directive, disclosure, dispatch, excerpt, goods, info, language, missive, news, note, pipeline, poop, prophecy, publicity, report, scoop, skinny, speech, summary, tidings, translation, warning, word, work, communiqué, hot story, inside story, lowdown, précis

What is the plural of communication?
The plural form of communication is communications.

What is the opposite of communication?
Here's a list of antonyms for this word.

quiet, denial, disagreement, silence, concealment, cover, suppression, withholding ignorance, question, secret

What is the adjective for communication?
communicational

Sentences and phrases with the word communication

As such, graduates need to have great communication skills.

What rhymes with communication?
Rhyming Words with 1 Syllable
Rhyming Words with 2 Syllables
Rhyming Words with 3 Syllables
Rhyming Words with 4 Syllables
Rhyming Words with 5 Syllables
Rhyming Words with 6 Syllables
Rhyming Words with 7 Syllables
Rhyming Words with 8 Syllables
Rhyming Words with 22 Syllables

How do you pronounce the word communication?

What is the noun for communicate?
communicator

What is another word for communicate?
converse, talk, speak, commune, be in touch, correspond, write, be in contact, answer, chat, confer, buzz, cable, confabulate, discourse, reach, reply, telephone, wire, associate with, be close to, be near, commune with, drop a line, drop a note, establish contact, get on the horn, give a call, give a ring, have confidence of, hear from convey, share, impart, transmit, publicize, put out, reveal, ideas, advertise, broadcast, connect, contact, disclose, disseminate, get across, get through, inform, interact, pass on, reach out, relate, suggest, tell, transfer, acquaint, advise, announce, betray, break, carry, declare, discover, divulge, enlighten, hint, imply, network, phone, proclaim, publish, raise, report, signify, spread, state, unfold, interface, keep in touch, let on, let out, make known, ring up, touch base interconnect, lead into, link, join

What is a conjugated verb?
It is a verb that has been changed to communicate one or more of the following: person, number, gender, tense, aspect, mood, or voice.

Conjugated Verbs Communicate
A verb conjugation can communicate a lot of detail about a verb such as:

Person
It’s a bit redundant in English because we almost always state a subject explicitly in our sentences, but still, our conjugated verbs often go with specific subjects. For example, “am” is a present tense conjugation of the verb “be,” and it is the form that goes with the subject “I.” Using “I” (or “we”) also indicates that the speaker is speaking in first person as opposed to second person (“you”) or third person (“he,” “she,” “it,” “they”).

Number
It is perhaps clearer in other languages, but conjugated verbs in English can also sometimes tell us something about how many people are participating in the action of the verb. For example, singular subjects (he, she, it) in the present simple tense have an “s” added to them when conjugated:
•He sings.
•She reads.
•It rains.

Plural subjects (you, we, they) do not have an “s” on the end:

•You sing.
•We read.
•They play.
English is a little tricky here because “you” can be singular or plural, but in other languages, the differentiation between singular and plural subjects is very clear in the conjugated verb endings.

Gender
In some languages, though not English, conjugated verbs can indicate the gender of the subject.

Tense
The verb tense indicates the time at which the action of the verb takes place. Past tense verbs, for example, tell us that the action took place in the past. Present tense indicates the action is happening at this very moment, or that it happens regularly in the present state of things, or that it is true up to the present moment.

Aspect
The aspect of a verb tells us the degree to which it is completed. There are continuous (or progressive) aspects that tell us the action is in progress, there are perfect aspects that tell us the action is complete up to a certain point in time, and there are simple aspects that are just that – simple.

Mood
The mood is like the purpose of the sentence in which a verb is used. The stative mood, for example, is used to make a statement. The interrogative mood is for questions. And the conditional mood is for sentences that pose hypothetical scenarios and the outcomes that depend on them.

Voice
You’ve probably heard people talk about active and passive voice. In active voice, the verb indicates that the subject of the sentence is the one doing the action. In passive voice, the subject is the recipient of the action done by someone/something else.

A conjugated verb is a well-explained verb.

Verb conjugation of "communicate" in English

) What is the ing form of communicate?
2) What is the simple present tense form of communicated?
3) Is communicated past participle of communicate?

COMMUNICATE Past Tense
Past Tense: communicated

Past tense of communicate is communicated.

Other verb forms:

Simple Present: communicates (third-person singular)
Present Participle: communicating
Past Participle: communicated Verb
Plain form Third-person singular Past tense Past participle Present participle
communicate communicates communicated communicated communicating
Parents have to work hard to communicate better with their children.

Present tenses

Present Simple tense
Present Continuous tense
Present Perfect tense
Present Perfect Continuous tense

Past tenses

Past Simple tense
Past Continuous tense
Past Perfect tense
Past Perfect Continuous tense

Future tenses

Future Simple tense
Future Continuous tense
Future Perfect tense
Future Perfect Continuous tense

Conjugation of Verb COMMUNICATE in Present Tense
Noun / PronounSimple / Indefinite Present TensePresent Continuous Tense
 Rule: subject + communicate / communicates + object
He, She, It, Asif, Boy -> communicates
I, You, They, We, Boys -> communicate
Rule: subject + is/am/are + communicating + object
He, She, It, Asif, Boy -> is
I -> am
You, We, They, Boys -> are
He/She/It/Asif (Name)/Boycommunicates is communicating
Icommunicateam communicating
You/We/They/Boyscommunicateare communicating

Noun / PronounPresent Perfect TensePresent Perfect Continuous Tense
 Rule: subject + has/have + communicated + object
He, She, It, Asif, Boy -> has
I, You, We, They, Boys -> have
Rule: subject + has/have been + communicating + object
He, She, It, Asif, Boy -> has been
I, You, They, We, Boys -> have been
He/She/It/Asif (Name)/Boyhas communicated has been communicating
I/You/They/We/Boyshave communicated have been communicating

Conjugation of Verb COMMUNICATE in Past Tense

Noun / PronounSimple Past TensePast Continuous Tense
 Rule: subject + communicated + objectRule: subject + was/were + communicating + object
I, He, She, It, Asif, Boy -> was
You, We, They, Boys -> Were
I/He/She/It/Asif (Name)/Boycommunicated was communicating
You/They/We/Boyscommunicated were communicating

Noun / PronounPast Perfect TensePast Perfect Continuous Tense
 Rule: subject + had + communicated + objectRule: subject + had been + communicating + object
He / She / It / Asif (Name) / Boy / I / You / We / They / Boyshad communicated had been communicating

Conjugation of Verb COMMUNICATE in Future Tense

Noun / PronounSimple Future TenseFuture Continuous Tense
 Rule: subject + shall/will communicate + objectRule: subject + shall/will be + communicating + object
He / She / It / Asif (Name) / Boy / I / You / We / They / Boyswill/shall communicatewill/shall be communicating

Noun / PronounFuture Perfect TenseFuture Perfect Continuous Tense
 Rule: subject + shall/will have + communicated + objectRule: subject + shall/will have been + communicating + object
He / She / It / Asif (Name) / Boy / I / You / We / They / Boyswill/shall have communicated will/shall have been communicating


List of English Irregular Verbs
List of Regular Verbs
English Verb Conjugation
Tense

Non-English language human communication (Arabic, Spanish, Chinese, Japanese, French, etc.)
What are examples of Non-English language human communication?
There are more than 5,000 non-English communication languages.
Most of them are among languages less popular than English.
Here are further guidelines.

Communication methods and teaching methods.
How are communication methods and teaching methods linked?
Communication methods can be utilized for teaching.
Worldwide presentation is a communication method that can be utilized as a teaching method.

How are World Wide Web presentation teaching methods better than face-to-face in-person classroom presentation?
An individual was subject to face-to-face in-person classroom presentations for years.
The individual could not improve communication skills including English language speaking, writing, and various methods of communication.

The World Wide Web method of teaching improved communications skills quickly, including English language understanding, reading, speaking, and writing abilities.

What are other terms for methods of communication?
Medium of communication.
TV and newspaper are methods or mediums of communication.
Internet is a method or medium of communication.
Internet communication, a method or medium of communication, can be relayed through local TV method or medium of communication. The word media is plural of medium.

What is a teaching method?
All communication methods are teaching methods if utilized properly.
Information or skill that is being taught is necessary during teaching.

What are the components of a teaching method?
Teaching method has components like
1. Communication type, for example English speaking, English written documents, visualizations.
2. Communication method, for example World Wide Web presentation, face-to-face in-person discussion. There are more than 150 communication methods.
3. Ability, profession, subject, product, issue, topic, or skill being taught. At least one of 650 high school skills or 611 professional training skills.

What type of teaching method or methods should you use?
The choice of teaching method or methods to be used depends largely on the information or skill that is being taught, and it may also be influenced by the aptitude and enthusiasm of the students.
Here are further guidelines.

Teaching methods
What are the components of a teaching method?
Teaching method has components like
1. Communication type, for example English speaking, English written documents, visualizations.
2. Communication method, for example World Wide Web presentation, face-to-face in-person discussion. There are more than 150 communication methods.
3. Ability, profession, subject, product, issue, topic, or skill being taught. At least one of 650 high school skills or 611 professional training skills.

What is a teaching method?
All communication methods are teaching methods if utilized properly.
Information or skill that is being taught is necessary during teaching.

What type of teaching method or methods should you use?
The choice of teaching method or methods to be used depends largely on the information or skill that is being taught, and it may also be influenced by the aptitude and enthusiasm of the students.
Teaching methods

What are other terms for training and skill building?
Teaching methods.

What are examples of training and skill building?
Active learning.
Classroom lecture.
Email communications with academic content is an example.
World wide web presentations.
World wide web presentations relayed via TV.
Other.
These are some of the teaching methods.

Active Learning

What is active learning?
Why incorporate active learning techniques?
How can you cover the content when using active learning?
How can you incorporate active learning into various classroom settings?
What are some considerations for integrating active learning techniques?
What are examples of active learning?

Who all are required to enhance English communication skills of residents in the state and outside the state?

What is active learning?
Active learning strategies can be as short as a few minutes long.
Active learning techniques can be integrated into a lecture or any other classroom setting relatively easily. Even large classrooms can involve learning activities beyond the traditional lecture format.
Active learning is "anything that involves students in doing things and thinking about the things they are doing"
________ define active learning as "anything course-related that all students in a class session are called upon to do other than simply watching, listening and taking notes"

Why incorporate active learning techniques?
Research suggests that audience attention in lectures starts to wane every 10-20 minutes. Incorporating active learning techniques once or twice during a 50-minute class (twice to or thrice for a 75-minute class) will encourage student engagement. Active learning also:
Reinforces important material, concepts, and skills.
Provides more frequent and immediate feedback to students.
Addresses different student learning styles.
Provides students with an opportunity to think about, talk about, and process course material.
Creates personal connections to the material for students, which increases their motivation to learn.
Allows students to practice important skills, such as collaboration, through pair and group work.
Builds self-esteem through conversations with other students.
Creates a sense of community in the classroom through increased student-student and instructor-student interaction.

How can you cover the content when using active learning?
Consider what students can do outside of class to more effectively prepare for in-class activities:
Incorporate pre-class reading assignments.
Assign videos for students to watch and answer questions about.
Require students to complete pre-class quizzes (to ensure that students have read the material) on Blackboard.

How can you incorporate active learning into various classroom settings?
Become familiar with a few active learning techniques. Some that are easier to implement are the "one minute paper," and "think-pair-share" (see "CTE Active Learning Strategies" in the resources below for more detailed instructions on how to incorporate them).
Choose one or two techniques and modify them so that they address learning goals in your class.
When implementing active learning techniques, follow these general steps: •Use activities to draw attention to issues and content you feel are most critical.
Establish rules of conduct and civility to encourage appropriate participation.
Introduce the activity and explain the learning benefit.
Control the time cost by giving students a time limit to complete the task.
Stop the activity and debrief. Call on a few students or groups of students to share their thoughts and tie them in to the next steps of your lecture.
Consider using classroom response technologies, video clips, and even smartphones and laptops to facilitate active learning activities.

What are some considerations for integrating active learning techniques?
Implementing any new teaching technique can be a daunting or challenging task.

Start small. Choose one simple technique to try in one class.
Think about how you will facilitate the process each step of the way. How will you introduce the activity? Do you need to provide visual aids with directions? How much time will you give students? How will you debrief? Smaller groups may be easier to manage than larger ones.
Consider the logistics of getting a large group of students back on track after an activity. Clap your hands or flash the lights to get students to stop and refocus their attention on you.

Some students may not accept new learning activities with complete ease. Rather than trying to engage all students, focus on engaging more students in more meaningful ways.

Again, start small. Integrating many active learning techniques in one session may irritate students and discourage their participation.
Explain the benefits for using active learning techniques and connect the activity to student learning outcomes for the class.
Use a quick icebreaker or two early in the term to help students become comfortable with one another and to set expectations for an interactive class.

What do you know about teaching methods?
If others would have known about teaching methods, there was no need for me to elaborate on these issues.

What should you know about teaching methods?
Email can be utilized for a teaching method.
World wide web presentation can be utilized for a teaching method.
Teaching methods are applicable to school education general abilities teaching.
Teaching methods are applicable to professional education, including teacher, lawyer, engineer, and physician.
Class lecture needs combination of English language speaking and writing abilities.

What is the difference between classroom English language lecture and active learning?
English language classroom lecture is confined to spoken English from teacher or professor.

What should you know about teaching methods?
Teaching methods require a combination of English language speaking, understanding, reading, and writing abilities.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/teachingmethods150.html

What will happen to residents of the state who will not go ahead with English language as the official language?
They will face various difficulties in the real world.
Here are further guidelines.

Advice for various residents.
What do you have to do to improve your English language abilities relevant to your age?

Age-specific English language guidelines should be sought.
Associate with individual or individuals who understand, read, write, and speak the English language.
Listen to English language programs every day.
Maintain an English language glossary with yourself.
Make specific Internet resource like www.qureshiuniversity.com your favorite internet resource.
Read English language materials every day.
Speak in English language every day.
Verify with others if there are any errors in your English language usage.
Write an English language page every day, preferably in question-and-answer format.
You should speak in the English language.
You need to practice every day.
You will learn slowly.

English Language Courses

Here are further guidelines.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/englishcourses.html

What are examples of essential skills?

English language speaking is an essential skill.
English language writing is an essential skill.
Urdu, Hindi, Spanish writing are nonessential skills.

English language speaking guidelines.

What are the best methods to improve age-specific English language speaking abilities?

Associate with good charactered, well behaved English language speaking individuals.
Get relevant English language speaking materials.
One needs to practice English language speaking every day.

What English language speaking materials should you have?

This book has been authored by Asif Qureshi.

Everyday English language expressions.
English language telephone conversations.
English language public speaking.
English language meetings.
Conversation Skills
Discussion (Meeting)
Lecture
Public speaking
Telephone Conversations
What is Speech?
What is voice?
What is language?
What is communication?
What is the Difference Between Speech and Language?
What are speech and language disorders?
What is the difference between a disorder and a delay?
What are language disorders?
What are speech disorders?
What is considered normal speech development?
How do speech and language develop?
What are the milestones for speech and language development?
What is the difference between a speech disorder and a language disorder?
What research is being conducted on developmental speech and language problems?
What is the difference between an articulation disorder and a phonological disorder?
How do articulation disorder and phonological disorder differ?
Here are further guidelines.
How to Speak English Fluently?
How can I speak English better?
How can I communicate better in English?
How can I express myself better in English?
How can I listen to and understand English better?
Don’t Be too Ashamed to Speak
Don’t Be Afraid of Making Mistakes
Don’t Apologize For Your Level
Don’t get frustrated with yourself
Don’t take it personally when people don’t understand you
If you are fluent, or just think you are, DON’T GET ARROGANT
Don't study grammar too much
Learn and study phrases
Reading and Listening is NOT enough. Practice Speaking what you hear!
Submerge yourself
Study correct material
Pronunication
Family
Conversation Questions Internet
Speaking Situations
Speaking Situations
Speaking Situations - Low Beginning

Greetings
Introducing yourself
Introducing people
Identifying people, things
Classroom questions
Asking for information
Giving information
Simple sentences
Simple questions
Numbers and counting
Talking about family
Talking about favorite things
Talking about here and now
Describing People
Telling Time
Talking about past actions
Talking about the future
Talking about feelings/health
Talking about life events
Expressing likes and dislikes
Simple shopping Contractions
Short questions and answers
Closing a conversation
Expressing thanks
Situation: At the Store
Describing a Picture
Talking about Occupations


Speaking Situations - High Beginning

Introducing others
Encouraging words
Making suggestions
Making plans for the weekend
Asking for favors
Asking for repetition
Requesting
Inviting Offering
Talking about abilities
Expressing possibility
Talking about locations
Asking for directions
Giving directions
Asking about place/location
Talking about travel
Descriptions Like / would like / look like / be like
Comparing things
Questions and expressions with time Count and non-count nouns in context Using measure words
Telephone talk
Narrating


Phrases for Conversation - Low Intermediate

Conversation starters
Rejoinders
Giving opinions
Agreeing/disagreeing
Asking for details
Asking permission
Asking for and Giving Advice
Sequencing
Speaking hypothetically
Discussing Sensitive Topics
Accepting and Refusing Expressions for Description
Indirect Requests Tag Questions


Phrases for Conversation - High Intermediate

Supporting opinions
Exploring options
Contrasting
Classifying
Discussion techniques
Elaborating
Clarifying
Interrupting
Giving instructions
Simple presentations
Checking for Understanding Conceding to Make a Point
Analyzing Problems


Phrases for Conversation - Advanced

Commenting
Paraphrasing
Would you like to improve your spoken English?
Telephone Conversations
What abilities should a mature human have relevant to telephone conversations?
What details should you record in an answering machine message?
What questions should be answered before you make a telephone call?
What are the types of telephone calls?
What abilities should a mature human have relevant to telephone conversations?
There are 15 such abilities.

Answering machine message recording is an essential social skill.

Social Skills

Answering machine message recording via telephone.

What details should you record in an answering machine message?
1. Your name.
2. Your telephone number.
3. Date of call.
4. Time of call.
5. Your location.
6. Person who should receive this message.
7. Reason(s) for calling.
8. Priority of message (This is an emergency message. This is a nonemergency message.)
9. How soon a reply is required.
10. Questions, if any.

Here is an example.
You can record a similar message with your details.

I am Asif Qureshi.
My telephone number is 7735616102 Chicago, Illinois.
Today is December 11, 2013.
It is 12:35 pm at this location.
I am calling from 5042 North Winthrop Avenue #237, Chicago, Illinois.
This message is for Nadia.
I am calling to verify if you received my email.
This is a nonemergency message.
I expect you to reply within next 24 hours.

Here are other facts.
Yamin had called.
I received his voice message.
He did not record all the details.
Ask him to reply to these questions.
What is your email address?
What is your telephone number?
What is your location?
What are the issues?

Thank you.

Bye-bye.
Social skills for a telephone conversation

Let me teach you telephone conversation social skills.

What questions should be answered before you make a telephone call?

What are the types of telephone calls?
What types of telephone calls do you make?
How long should you continue a telephone call?
What types of telephone call do you plan to make?
Your research for these questions is a process of teaching.

You should know that all telephone conversations may be monitored.
Do not say anything that the other person cannot understand.
Always talk reasonably and to the point.

Should children under age 21 communicate over the telephone?
What is your telephone number?
What is the best way to reach you in an emergency?
When should the next telephone conversation be?
Should I expect a response by e-mail or telephone?

Make sure these questions are answered.
What time will you call?
How long will the telephone conversation last?
What is the topic?
What questions would you like to discuss?
What questions would I like to discuss?
Who will call?
What language do I prefer to speak?
English.
Is it a local call from your location?
Is it a local call from this location?
These are basic questions.
There are many more.

We are expected to speak over the telephone.
Thank you for your time.
I look forward to hearing from you soon.
I look forward to speaking to you soon.
Our regular telephone conversation is at 3 pm every Sunday. At other times, if there is any issue, you can call or e-mail. We can discuss after you research.

When should children be asked to speak on the telephone?

What should children discuss on the telephone?

I am writing to you after I received your telephone call.
I am calling you after I received your e-mail.
I am calling you after I received your telephone call.
SKILLS FOR MAKING EFFECTIVE TELEPHONE CALLS

When making a call, be sure to do the following:

•Identify yourself immediately to get the call off to a positive start.
•Tell the person why you are calling. Be specific.
•Ask well-stated, appropriate questions to obtain the desired action.
•Close the call in a friendly tone with an understanding between both parties of the action(s) that need to be taken.

INCOMING TELEPHONE CALLS

Be prepared to answer the telephone when it rings. Keep pens and message pads close by as well as telephone directories and other reference materials. Use an answering machine if you must be away from your desk.

When answering the phone, follow these guidelines:

•Answer the telephone no later than the second ring.
•Identify yourself in a friendly tone.
•Use the caller's name.
•Gather as much information as possible.
•Do not interrupt the caller.
•Give accurate information.
Answering the phone * Hello? (informal)
* Thank you for calling Human Services Globe. K_____ speaking. How can I help you?
* Doctor's office.
Introducing yourself * Hello, this is _____ _____ calling.
* Hey _____. It's _____ calling. (informal)
* Hi, it's _____ from the _____'s office here.
* This is she.*
* Speaking.*

(Introduce yourself.)Hello, this is Asif Qureshi.

(Spell your name.) a-s-i-f q-u-r-e-s-h-i

( Give your telephone number.) My number is 773-561-6102

(Give a) the time of day b) your reason for calling.) It's Monday, 3 pm, and I'm calling about the _________ in your department. I'd like to arrange _________.

(What do you want the other person to do?) Can you call me back at your earliest convenience.

(Repeat your phone number. Speak slowly and clearly.) My number is 773-561-6102

( End the message.) I look forward to hearing from you.
Thank you very much.
Asking to speak with someone * Is _____ in? (informal)
* Is _____ there, please? (informal)
* Can I talk to your __________? (informal)
* May I speak with Mr. __________, please?
* Would the doctor be in/available?
* Could I speak to _____ _____, please? * I'd like to speak to _____ _____, please. * Could you put me through to _____ _____, please?
Connecting someone * Just a sec. I'll get him. (informal)
* Hang on one second. (informal)
* Please hold and I'll put you through to his office.
* One moment please.
* All of our operators are busy at this time. Please hold for the next available person.
Making special requests * Could you please repeat that?
* Would you mind spelling that for me?
* Could you speak up a little please?
* Can you call me back? I think we have a bad connection.
* Can you please hold for a minute? I have another call.
Taking a message for someone * Can I take a message?
* Would you like to leave a message?
* Can I give him/her a message?
* I'll tell Mr _____ that you called
* I'll ask him/her to call you as soon as possible.
* _____'s not in. Who's this? (informal)
* I'm sorry, Lisa's not here at the moment. Can I ask who's calling?
* I'm afraid he's stepped out. Would you like to leave a message?
* He's on lunch right now.Who's calling please?
* He's busy right now. Can you call again later?
* I'll let him know you called.
* I'll make sure she gets the message.
Explaining * I'm sorry, he's in a meeting at the moment.
Putting someone on hold * Just a moment, please. * Could you hold the line, please? * Hold the line, please.
Problems * I'm sorry, I don't understand. Could you repeat that, please? * I'm sorry, I can't hear you very well. Could you speak up a little, please? * I'm afraid you've got the wrong number. * I've tried to get through several times but it's always engaged. * Could you spell that, please?
Putting someone through * One moment, please. I'll see if Mr Jones is available. * I'll put you through. * I'll connect you. * I'm connecting you now.
Leaving a message with someone * Yes, can you tell him his _____ called, please.
* No, that's okay, I'll call back later.
* Yes, it's _____ from _____. here. When do you expect her back in the office?
* Thanks, could you ask him to call _____ when he gets in?
* Do you have a pen handy. I don't think he has my number.
* Thanks. My number is 222-1111, extension 11.
Confirming information * Okay, I've got it all down.
* Let me repeat that just to make sure.
* Did you say 5042 _____ St.?
* You said your name was _____, right?
* I'll make sure he gets the message.
Listening to an answering machine * Hello. You've reached __________. Please leave a detailed message after the beep.Thank you.
* Hi, this is _____. I'm sorry I'm not available to take your call at this time. Leave me a message and I'll get back to you as soon as I can.
* Thank you for calling Dr. _____'s office. Our hours are 9am-5pm, Monday-Friday. Please call back during these hours, or leave a message after the tone. If this is an emergency please call the hospital at __________.
Leaving a message on an answering machine * Hey _____. It's _____. Call me! (informal)
* Hello, this is _____ calling for _____. Could you please return my call as soon as possible. My number is 334-5689. Thank you.
* Hello _____. This is _____ from the doctor's office calling. I just wanted to let you know that you're due for a check-up this month. Please give us a ring/buzz whenever it's convenient.



February 16, 2012
8722131120

Hello, this is Asif Qureshi calling for Jose Roman. Could you please return my call as soon as possible. My number is 773-561-6102.

What is your Email address?

I came across the advertisement.
Can you give more details?

I am the founder of Qureshi University.

Take a look at this.

http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/computerscienceworld.html

Everything is posted there.

How many competent engineers do you need?

I can educate them within a short period of time.

Thank you.
Finishing a conversation Do we need to talk again?
When should the next telephone conversation be?
Well, I guess I better get going. Talk to you soon.
Thanks for calling. Bye for now.
I have to let you go now.
I have another call coming through. I better run.
I'm afraid that's my other line.
I'll talk to you again soon. Bye.
Or
Can we talk?
Can we talk on the phone?
Why do we need to talk?
When do we need to talk?
What do we need to talk about?
How often should we talk?
Do we need to talk again?
How long will it take?
How often should we talk?

Ring, Ring
Who's calling?
May I tell him who's calling?
May I ask who is calling?
Whom may I say is calling?
Whom shall I say is calling?
Who do you want to talk to?
Who do you want to speak with?
Who do you wish to speak to?
Whom do you wish to speak to?
With whom do you wish to speak?
Is he expecting your call?

Who's calling?
May I tell him who's calling?
May I ask who is calling?
Whom may I say is calling?
Whom shall I say is calling?

Who do you want to talk to?
Who do you want to speak with?
Who do you wish to speak to?
Whom do you wish to speak to?
With whom do you wish to speak?
Is he expecting your call?

Hello, this is Asif Qureshi (speaking)
Asif Qureshi, may I help you?
Asif, may I help you?

Human Services Globe, may I help you?
Human Services Globe, how may I direct your call?

Follow up Call

I will call.
I will call you.
I will call you tomorrow.
I will call you on Sunday.
I will call you this coming Sunday at 6 pm.
I am calling to follow up on my email communication.
I am calling to follow up on my letter sent to you on January 25, 2007.
I am calling to follow up on my claim submitted on January 25, 2006.

Could you put me through to the Quality Control Department, please?
Could you get me the Export Sales Department, please?
Could I have the accounts department, please?
May I have the sales department, please?
I'd like to speak with someone who deals with complaints.
Can I speak to someone who deals with complaints?
Could I speak to the person in charge of your Finance Department?
Could I speak to someone regarding general ledger software?
May I speak to someone from the Shipping Department, please?

Asking to speak with someone
Example 1
Example 2
Making an Appointment
Ordering a ____
Sometimes, there may not be anyone to answer the telephone and you will need to leave a message. Follow this outline to make sure that the person who should receive your message has all the information he/she needs.

1. Introduction - - - - Hello, this is A____. or Hello, My name is K____ C____ (more formal).

2. State the time of day and your reason for calling - - - - - It's ten in the morning. I'm phoning (calling, ringing) to find out if ... / to see if ... / to let you know that ... / to tell you that ...

3. Make a request - - - - Could you call (ring, telephone) me back? / Would you mind ... ? /

4. Leave your telephone number - - - - My number is .... / You can reach me at .... / Call me at ...

5. Finish - - - - Thanks a lot, bye. / I'll talk to you later, bye.

Here's an example of message

Telephone: (Ring... Ring... Ring...) Hello, this is A____. I'm afraid I'm not in at the moment. Please leave a message after the beep..... (beep)

K____:
Hello A____, this is K____.
It's about noon and I'm calling to see if you would like to ( ____ ) on Friday. Could you call me back?
You can reach me at (000-0000) until five this afternoon. I'll talk to you later, bye.

As you can see, leaving a message is pretty simple. You only need to make sure that you have stated all the most important information: Your Name, The Time, The Reason for Calling, Your Telephone Number

I'm calling in reference to your ____ from last week.
I'd like to make an appointment with ____, please.
When's a good time for you?

Hi this is Mohammad Salem calling Mr. Khalid.
Saleem from the Human Services Globe.
I had send you off the information
regarding Human Services Globe and
this is what to see if you got that information.
Could you give me a call (_______)
That is my cell number.
Today is Monday __ ______.
Fearing a massive shortage of skilled manpower and in the next few years, the top firms and institutions, Departments are enhancing their interaction with colleges and universities to ensure that the graduates accepted into a program and be trained in a particular field and who pass out from these institutions match the industry's requirements.

Some are either already working with colleges or are planning to collaborate with the academia to churn out professionals with the right skills.

One of the major challenges being faced by industry is the lack of effective talent. Both the colleges and the industry are realising the need to scale up students to meet growing demand.

One place on this planet produces over 3.65 lakh engineering graduates and 30 lakh other graduates every year, out of which hardly 20 per cent are suited for industry needs. Moreover, this includes, America, and Europe as well. Comparatively, over millions of graduates every year with useless performance.

Industry estimates suggest supply of skilled manpower will fall short of requirements by almost 22 per cent by 2009 if issues around human resource and quality development are not addressed.

There is a gap between what is taught and what is required. The syllabus of programs is outdated and students are not taught how to apply theory to practical problems.

To bridge the industry-academia gap, program will provide soft skills and industry-specific training to students and faculty, World wide. Also developed several learning aids and tools that will help meet specific college requirements and bring about uniformity in training.

While focusing on coaching students, we are not leaving the faculty behind, we have custom made courses and curriculum, initiative includes faculty development programs as well.
Leaving a Message
Leaving a Message

Sometimes, there may not be anyone to answer the telephone and you will need to leave a message. Follow this outline to make sure that the person who should receive your message has all the information he/she needs.

1. Introduction - - - - Hello, this is A____. or Hello, My name is K____ C____ (more formal).
2. State the time of day and your reason for calling - - - - - It's ten in the morning. I'm phoning (calling, ringing) to find out if ... / to see if ... / to let you know that ... / to tell you that ...
3. Make a request - - - - Could you call (ring, telephone) me back? / Would you mind ... ? /
4. Leave your telephone number - - - - My number is .... / You can reach me at .... / Call me at ...
5. Finish - - - - Thanks a lot, bye. / I'll talk to you later, bye.

Here's an example of message

Telephone: (Ring... Ring... Ring...) Hello, this is A____. I'm afraid I'm not in at the moment. Please leave a message after the beep..... (beep)

K____: Hello A____, this is K____. It's about noon and I'm calling to see if you would like to ( ____ ) on Friday. Could you call me back? You can reach me at 000-0000 until five this afternoon. I'll talk to you later, bye.

As you can see, leaving a message is pretty simple. You only need to make sure that you have stated all the most important information: Your Name, The Time, The Reason for Calling, Your Telephone Number

More Telephone English:

I'm calling in reference to your ____ from last week.
I'd like to make an appointment with ____, please.
When's a good time for you?
When you are interrupted by a telephone solicitor

No, thank you
How did you get my name?
I'm sorry, but I'm not interested.
We do not accept telephone solicitations.
Please take me off your list!
I 'm sorry, but I don't place orders over the phone.
I'm sorry, I don't give out my credit card number over the phone.
Taking a message for someone
Connecting someone
Confirming information
Leaving a message on an answering machine
Finishing a conversation
Telephone conversation
    Can we talk?
    Can we talk on the phone?
    Why do we need to talk?
    When do we need to talk?
    What do we need to talk about?
    How often should we talk?
    Do we need to talk again?
    How long will it take?
    How often should we talk?

    Ring, Ring
    Who's calling?
    May I tell him who's calling?
    May I ask who is calling?
    Whom may I say is calling?
    Whom shall I say is calling?
    Who do you want to talk to?
    Who do you want to speak with?
    Who do you wish to speak to?
    Whom do you wish to speak to?
    With whom do you wish to speak?
    Is he expecting your call?


I will call.
I will call you.
I will call you tomorrow.
I will call you on Sunday.
I will call you this coming Sunday at 6 pm.
I am calling to follow up on my email communication.
I am calling to follow up on my letter sent to you on January 25, 2007.
I am calling to follow up on my claim submitted on January 25, 2006.
Business Telephone Example
Business Telephone Example
Family Telephone Example
Ordering a ____
Telephone Service
I came across your advertisement.
Photography workshop
March 14, 2013
I need your profile.
I need profiles of participants.
E-mails are not going through.
You need to have another e-mail.
I will not attend a meeting/session if the profiles of participants are not available.
Why is a profile necessary?
I will be comfortable dealing/working with you after viewing your profile.
If there is any deficiency of skills, I will educate you.
I am calling you after I received this report:
Reminder
Important Uptown story project dates
English language writing is an essential job skill.

I have authored more than 30 books.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.org/catalog.html

I write and speak as per skills and knowledge of participants/audience.
I need profiles of participants.

You didn't precisely answer my questions.

How long will it last?
Who else will be there?
What do you plan to write in English?
What is the purpose of holding a writing workshop in the English language?
How soon should I expect a response from you?
Telephone
Connection Issues
Access Code
011-91-9419015955 Afli
011-91-9972828042 Nadia

I called, but couldn't connect.
I tried many times.
I tried just now.
There is some problem.

How are you?
What is an ISBN?
The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a 13-digit number that uniquely identifies books and book-like products published internationally.

ISBN 978-0-9906983-6-4
Last Updated: August 10, 2014