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Revision Questions

Fossil Fuels - Crude Oil - Hydrocarbons

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Fossil Fuels - Crude Oil
1	Name the three Fossil Fuels.	Answer
2	What is the Original Source of Energy in Fossil Fuels?	Answer
3	Are Fossil Fuels a Finite Resource?	Answer
4	Are Fossil Fuels Renewable?	Answer
5	What has Crude Oil come from?	Answer
6	Under what Conditions has Crude Oil formed?	Answer
7	What is Natural Gas mostly made from?	Answer
8	Crude Oil is a mixture of mostly what type of Substance?	Answer
9	Describe the Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil.	Answer
10	Name the Fraction used as Fuel for Cars.	Answer
11	Name the Fraction used as Fuel for Aircraft.	Answer
12	Name the Fraction used as Fuel for Trains.	Answer
13	Name the Fraction used for a Road Surface.	Answer
14	Why is Cracking used?	Answer
15	What type of reaction is Cracking?	Answer
16	What Catalyst is used for Cracking?	Answer

Hydrocarbons - Alkanes
17	What is a Hydrocarbon?	Answer
18	How does the Boiling Point change as Hydrocarbons get Bigger?	Answer
19	How does the Flammability change as Hydrocarbons get Bigger?	Answer
20	Name the Alkane containing two Carbon Atoms.	Answer
21	Name the Alkane containing three Carbon Atoms.	Answer
22	Name the Alkane containing four Carbon Atoms.	Answer
23	What does Homologous mean?	Answer
24	What is the General Formula for an Alkane?	Answer
25	What are Alkanes?	Answer
26	Are Alkanes Saturated or Unsaturated?	Answer
27	Draw a Dot and Cross diagram for a Methane Molecule.	Answer
28	Draw the Structural Formula of a Methane Molecule.	Answer
29	Draw the Structural Formula of a Propane Molecule.	Answer
30	Draw the Structural Formula of a Butane Molecule.	Answer
31	Draw the Structural Formula of an Octane Molecule.	Answer
32	What are Alkanes mainly used as?	Answer
	See also the section on Isomers below.

Hydrocarbons - Alkenes
33	What is the General Formula for an Alkene?	Answer
34	What are Alkenes?	Answer
35	Are Alkenes Saturated or Unsaturated?	Answer
36	Draw a Dot and Cross diagram for an Ethene Molecule.	Answer
37	Draw the Structural Formula of an Ethene Molecule.	Answer
38	Draw the Structural Formula of a Propene Molecule.	Answer
39	Draw the Structural Formula of a Butene Molecule.	Answer
40	Give one Use of an Alkene.	Answer
41	How can Bromine Water distinguish between an Alkene and an Alkane?	Answer
42	What is an Addition Reaction?	Answer
43	What is the Main Source of Alkenes?	Answer
	See also the section on Isomers below.

Hydrocarbons - Cycloalkanes
44	What is the General Formula for a Cycloalkane?	Answer
45	Are Cycloalkanes Saturated or Unsaturated?	Answer
46	Draw the Structural Formula of a Cyclopropane Molecule.	Answer
47	Draw the Structural Formula of a Cyclobutane Molecule.	Answer
48	Draw the Structural Formula of a Cyclohexane Molecule.	Answer

Hydrocarbons - Isomers
49	What are Isomers?	Answer
50	Do Isomers have Different Physical Properties?	Answer
51	How many Isomers does Butane have?	Answer
52	Draw the Isomers of Butane.	Answer
53	Does a Straight Chain or a Branched Chain have a Higher Boiling Point?	Answer
54	What is the reason for the Higher Boiling Point?	Answer
55	Draw the Isomers of Pentane.	Answer
56	Does Changing the Shape of a Molecule produce a Different Isomer?	Answer
57	Does Changing the Position of a Double Bond produce a Different Isomer?	Answer
58	Draw the Isomers of Butene.	Answer
59	There are five Isomers of Pentene. How many can you draw?	Answer

Hydrocarbons - Combustion
60	What is a Combustion?	Answer
61	Is Combustion a form of Oxidation or Reduction?	Answer
62	Is Combustion Exothermic or Endothermic?	Answer
63	What does Excess of Air mean?	Answer
64	Write the Balanced Equation for the Complete Combustion of Methane.	Answer
65	What Colour is the Flame?	Answer
66	Write the Balanced Equation for the Complete Combustion of Ethane.	Answer
67	What does Incomplete Combustion mean?	Answer
68	What Colour is the Flame?	Answer
69	Write the Balanced Equation for the Incomplete Combustion of Methane.	Answer
70	What does Carbon Monoxide smell like?	Answer
71	How does Carbon Monoxide Poison you?	Answer

Products from Oil

Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil - Names and Uses of Different Fractions.

The hydrocarbon fractions are mainly alkanes used as fuels.

Name	Number of Carbon Atoms	Boiling Point (°C)	Uses
Refinery Gas	3 or 4	below 30	Bottled Gas (propane or butane).
Petrol	7 to 9	100 to 150	Fuel for car engines.
Naphtha	6 to 11	70 to 200	Solvents and used in petrol.
Kerosene (paraffin)	11 to 18	200 to 300	Fuel for aircraft and stoves.
Diesel Oil	11 to 18	200 to 300	Fuel for road vehicles and trains.
Lubricating Oil	18 to 25	300 to 400	Lubricant for engines and machines.
Fuel Oil	20 to 27	350 to 450	Fuel for ships and heating.
Greases and Wax	25 to 30	400 to 500	Lubricants and candles.
Bitumen	above 35	above 500	Road surface and roofing.