Caring skills and techniques
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Physician

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Observation collecting information about a client by taking meaurements such as temperature and blood pressure. It also refers to noticing how a person is behaving: E.g. whether they are eating or sleeping as usual or whether something has changed 
<br><br>Social perception this means being aware of a person's likely feelings, needs and inentions, which can be shown by a person's facial expression, posture and tone of voice as well as what they say 
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? ? Working alongside this means working in close contact with a client by doing what they are doing, or by working next to them to encourage the client to start what you are doing 
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? ? Modelling this means acting as a model, this is showing behaviours you would like the client to copy 
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? ? Communication this does not just mean talking to someone. It also means listening (active listening), allowing people to ask questions and useing writing, reading and non-verbal communication 
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? ? Encouraging adaptive behaviour this is rewarding adaptive behaviour. Adaptive behaviour is a client's behaviour that tends to increase his or her well being. In contrast, maladaptive behaviour is a client's behaviour which tends to decrease his or her well being 
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? ? Showing approval this means giving positive responses to a client's behaviour such as smiling or praise 
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? ? Physical contact this can be used to comfort a client who is anxious or upset, as well as to show approval. Usually it takes the form of touching a person on the hand or arm, or giving them a hug. However, physical contact can be misunderstood: for example, if it is seen as a threatening to sexual approach. It is most appropriate between carers and clients who know each other well, particulary between parents and children. 
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? ? Creating Trust this means acting in such a way that a client judges you to be reliable: for example, behaving consistently (similarly in similar situations), following correct procedures and fullfiling promises. 
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? ? Gaining compliance this means getting a person to do something without forcing them to: for example, by giving reasons, persuading and offering choices 
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? ? Distraction this means focusing the clients attention on something else so as to lessen their pain, anxiety or stress 
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? ? Reducing negative feelings and behaviours this can be done by remaining calm, using humour and not showing hostility, anger or anxiety 
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? ? Disengagement this means temporarilt breaking off an encounter with a client: for example, by moving away from them, giving them a chance to calm down 
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? ? Using eye contact and facial expressions these are used with other techniques, for example, to gain compliance, to aid communication and to reduce negative feelings. 
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? ? Setting challanges this means suggesting tasks or activities to clients which will stimulate them, and perhaps help them to imporve their abilities, skills or confidence