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Age-Appropriate Vital Signs

Vital Signs at Various Ages

Age Heart Rate (beats/min) Blood Pressure (mm Hg) Respiratory Rate (breaths/min)
Premature 120-170 * 55-75/35-45† 40-70‡
0-3 mo 100-150 * 65-85/45-55 35-55
3-6 mo 90-120 70-90/50-65 30-45
6-12 mo 80-120 80-100/55-65 25-40
1-3 yr 70-110 90-105/55-70 20-30
3-6 yr 65-110 95-110/60-75 20-25
6-12 yr 60-95 100-120/60/75 14/22
12 * yr 55-85 110-135/65/85 12-18

Normal Range of Resting Values

Age

Weight (kg)*

Pulse (bpm)

Respirations (/min)

Newborn

3.5

100-160

30-60

6 months

7

110-160

24-38

1 year

10

90-150

22-30

3 years

14

80-125

22-30

5 years

18

70-115

20-24

10 years

33

60-100

16-22

12 years

40

60-100

16-22

14 years

50

60-100

14-20


Lower limit of normal for systolic blood pressure is 70 plus 2 times age in years up to age 10 years, and is 90 for age 10 and older.

Upper limits of normal vary by age and height. Tables listing the 50th, 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles for systolic and diastolic blood pressures by age and height percentile are available below:
Blood Pressure Values for Boys
Blood Pressure Values for Girls
How to Use Blood Pressure Tables
Temperature

  • Usually measure axillary.
  • Timing:
    • Continued
    • Intermittent
    • Remittent
    • Relapsing
  • Nomenlature:.
    • Hyperpyrexia: >41.6°C
    • Hypothermia: <35°C
Pulse
  • Measure for 15 seconds, then multiple by 4 to get rate/min.
  • Usually measure radial and femoral.
  • Assess rhythm, character, delays.
  • See Pulse Reference.
Respiratory rate
  • Measure while baby isn't crying, hence usually at the start of examination.
Blood pressure
  • Requirements of a pediatric BP cuff:
    • Bladder covers 2/3 of the upper arm.
    • Bladder is 1/2 width of upper arm.
    • Cuff goes all the way around.
  • Measure R arm, keep at level of heart.
Normal values by age

Age: Neonate
Respiratory rate: 30-60
HR awake: 100-180
HR sleeping: 80-160
Systolic BP: 70-100
Diastolic BP: 50-65

Age: 6 months
Respiratory rate: 25-50
HR awake: 120-160
HR sleeping: 80-180
Systolic BP: 87-105
Diastolic BP: 53-66

Age: 2 years
Respiratory rate: 18-35
HR awake: 80-150
HR sleeping: 70-120
Systolic BP: 90-106
Diastolic BP: 55-67

Age: 5 years
Respiratory rate: 17-27
HR awake: 80-110
HR sleeping: 60-90
Systolic BP: 94-109
Diastolic BP: 56-69

Age: 10 years
Respiratory rate: 15-23
HR awake: 70-110
HR sleeping: 60-90
Systolic BP: 102-117
Diastolic BP: 62-75

Age: >10 years
Respiratory rate: __-___
HR awake: __-___
HR sleeping: __-___
Systolic BP: __-__
Diastolic BP: __-__

Vital signs are useful in detecting or monitoring medical problems. Vital signs can be measured in a medical setting, at home, at the site of a medical emergency, or elsewhere.

Pulse
Descriptors: regular, irregular, strong or weak
Adult 60 to 100 beats per minute
Children - age 1 to 8 years 80 to 100
Infants - age 1 to 12 months 100 to 120
Neonates - age 1 to 28 days 120 to 160

Blood pressure
 
  Systolic Diastolic
Adult 110 to 140 mmHg 60 to 90 mmHg
Children - age 1 to 8 years 80 to 110 mmHg  
Infants - age 1 to 12 months 70 to 95 mmHg  
Neonates - age 1 to 28 days >60 mmHg  

Respirations
Descriptors: normal, shallow, labored, noisy, Kussmaul
Adult (normal) 12 to 20 breaths per minute
Children - age 1 to 8 years 15 to 30
Infants - age 1 to 12 months 25 to 50
Neonates - age 1 to 28 days 40 to 60

Vital signs by age
 
Adult vital signs
Pulse 60 to 100 beats per minute
Blood pressure 110 to 140 mmHg (systolic)
60 to 90 mmHg (diastolic)
Respirations 12 to 20 breaths per minute
 
Child vital signs (age 1 to 8 years)
Pulse 80 to 100 beats per minute
Blood pressure 80 to 110 mmHg systolic
Respirations 15 to 30 breaths per minute
 
Infant vital signs
Pulse 100 to 140 beats per minute
Blood pressure 70 to 95 mmHg systolic
Respirations 25 to 50 breaths per minute
 
Neonatal vital signs (full-term, <28 days)
Pulse 120 to 160 beats per minute
Blood pressure >60 mmHg systolic
Respirations 40 to 60 breaths per minute

Lung sounds
 
Crackles or rales crackling or rattling sounds
Wheezing high-pitched whistling expirations
Stridor harsh, high-pitched inspirations
Rhonchi coarse, gravelly sounds

Pulse oximetry
 
Range Value Treatment
Normal 95 to 100% None or placebic
Mild hypoxia 91 to 94% Give oxygen
Moderate hypoxia 86 to 90% Give 100% oxygen
Severe hypoxia < 85% Give 100% oxygen w/ positive pressure