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We will start with a definition of a vaccine and then elaborate on various relevant questions. Here are various professional questions and answers authored by Dr. Asif Qureshi. Who is responsible for providing executive remuneration, salary, income, reimbursement, retroactive credits, and credits for retirement from local, county, state, and central or federal governments worldwide for Dr. Asif Qureshi? What is a vaccine? A vaccine is a substance given to stimulate the production of antibodies in the human body. It is a substance given to stimulate production of antibodies in the human body and provide immunity against a disease without causing the disease itself in the treatment, prepared from the agent that causes the disease (or a derivative of it; or a related, also effective, but safer disease) or a synthetic substitute; it is also a dose of such a substance. What was done on March 2, 2024? The above question with an answer was not displayed at https://www.cdc.gov/ on March 2, 2024, in the United States. Take a look at this: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/ The following professional questions and answers were also not displayed via https://www.cdc.gov/ or from executives of state departments of public health on or before March 2, 2024. What is another word for vaccination? Immunization, inoculation. Vaccination describes the act of receiving a vaccine. Immunization describes the process of becoming immune through vaccination. What do vaccines do? Vaccines prevent diseases. Vaccines now prevent diseases that once killed millions. These include polio, mumps, measles, and many more. A list of at least 26 vaccines that prevent diseases was available in the United States as of November 24, 2020, and November 24, 2023. Polio vaccine: Why was there need to elaborate on this issue? What was circulated on March 2, 2024? Issue: Oral polio vaccination on March 3, 2024 Location: Kashmir Age: Children less that 5 years old. Day and date: March 3, 2024, vaccination day Focus: 19 lakh children receive polio vaccine Location of availability: 11,000 booths or locations or hospitals Healthcare workers mobilized: 34,000 healthcare workers were mobilized Initiative: Department of Health and Medical Education What are various public health issues? https://www.qureshiuniversity.com/publichealth.html https://www.qureshiuniversity.com/publichealthworld.html What is the schedule for vaccination? https://www.qureshiuniversity.com/pediatricsworld.html#Vaccines%20&%20Immunizations When was the polio vaccine launched? 1955 What are the types of polio vaccines? 1. Oral poliovirus vaccine. This is taken by mouth. 2. Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). This is injected into the bloodstream. In the United States, only the IPV form of the vaccine has been used since 2000. In other parts of the world, the oral polio vaccine is still used. 99 out of 100 children who are fully vaccinated with the oral polio vaccine will be protected against polio. In 1916, the poliovirus infected more than 27,000 Americans and killed more than 7,000 people. At that time, the cause of the disease and how it spread were not yet known. US President Franklin D. Roosevelt himself had been diagnosed with polio at the age of 39 and was subsequently bound to a wheelchair for the rest of his life. What more needs to be done relevant to vaccines for human beings? |
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What are the sources for verifying these facts? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Road Atlanta, GA 30329-4027 USA https://www.cdc.gov/about/ 2023 Immunization Schedules What vaccines does your child need? Vaccines for adults: Which do you need? Children (Birth to 18 Years) Adults (19 and Older) Pregnancy and Vaccination Travelers https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/index.html Pregnancy Newborns 1 – 2 months 4 months 6 months 7 – 11 months 12- 23 months 2 – 3 years 4 – 6 years 7 -10 years 11 – 12 years 13 – 18 years https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/parents/index.html At birth Hepatitis B Your child's age indicates that they need this vaccine. Hepatitis B is a 3-dose series, usually given at birth, 1-2 months, and 6-18 months of age. Children older than 18 months and adolescents should be vaccinated if they have not yet completed the series. https://www2a.cdc.gov/vaccines/childquiz/ Available vaccines What vaccines are available in the United States as of November 24, 2020? 1. Adenovirus 2. Anthrax 3. Cholera 4. Diphtheria 5. Hepatitis 6. Hepatitis B 7. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) 8. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 9. Seasonal Influenza (Flu) only 10. Japanese Encephalitis (JE) (Ixiaro) 11. Measles 12. Meningococcal 13. Mumps 14. Pertussis 15. Pneumococcal 16. Polio 17. Rabies 18. Rotavirus 19. Rubella 20. Shingles 21. Smallpox 22. Tetanus 23. Tuberculosis 24. Typhoid 25. Varicella 26. Yellow Fever |
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CDC Routine Polio Vaccination Infants and Children Children get four doses of IPV, with one dose at each of these ages: 2 months 4 months 6 through 18 months 4 through 6 years WHO The bivalent vaccine bOPV replaces the trivalent vaccine tOPV (poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3). Indications Prevention of poliomyelitis, in combination with the inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV) Composition, forms, route of administration Live-attenuated virus vaccine, bivalent (poliovirus types 1 and 3) Oral suspension in multidose vial, to be administered on the tongue, with dropper Dosage and vaccination schedule One dose = 2 drops (approximately 0.1 ml) In endemic areas or areas at risk of poliovirus importation, according to WHO recommendations Child: 4 doses approximately 4 weeks apart, at birth then at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age The 4th dose at 14 weeks is administered in combination with a dose of the inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV). Other areas Child: 3 doses approximately 4 weeks apart, at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age The 3rd dose at 14 weeks is administered in combination with a dose of the inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV). Contra-indications, adverse effects, precautions Do not administer in the event of severe immunodepression (risk of paralytic poliomyelitis): use the injectable vaccine IPV (asymptomatic HIV infection is not a contra-indication). Vaccination should be postponed in the event of severe acute febrile illness (minor infections are not contra-indications). May cause (exceptionally): paralytic poliomyelitis. In the event of vomiting or diarrhoea when the vaccine is administered, give the usual dose followed by an extra dose once gastrointestinal symptoms have improved. Respect an interval of at least 4 weeks between each dose. Pregnancy: no contra-indication Breast-feeding: no contra-indication Remarks Protection against poliomyelitis lasts for life after 3 doses. In children who start routine vaccination late (after the age of 3 months), the dose of IPV is administered together with the 1st dose of bOPV, followed by 2 doses of bOPV alone administered 4 weeks apart. For the vaccination schedule, follow national recommendations. Monovalent oral type 2 vaccines (mOPV and nOPV) are also available but are exclusively used for responding to epidemics. Storage For prolonged storage: freeze (– 20 °C). After defrosting: between 2 °C and 8 °C for 6 months maximum. |