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Aircraft Materials, Processes, & Hardware |
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Aircraft Metals |
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Properties of Metals |
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Hardness |
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Strength |
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Density |
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Malleability |
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Ductility |
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Elasticity |
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Toughness |
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Brittleness |
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Fusibility |
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Conductivity |
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Thermal Expansion |
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Ferrous Aircraft Metals |
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Iron |
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Steel and Steel Alloys |
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Types, Characteristics, and Uses of Alloyed Steels 5-4 |
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Electrochemical Test 5-5 |
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Nonferrous Aircraft Metals 5-5 |
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Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys 5-6 |
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Wrought Aluminum 5-7 |
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Effect of Alloying Element 5-8 |
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Hardness Identification 5-8 |
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Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys |
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Titanium and Titanium Alloys 5-9 |
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Copper and Copper Alloys 5-11 |
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Nickel and Nickel Alloys 5-12 |
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Substitution of Aircraft Metals 5-12 |
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Metalworking Processes 5-12 |
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Hot Working 5-12 |
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Internal Structure of Metals 5-14 |
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Heat-Treating Equipment 5-15 |
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Soaking 5-17 |
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Cooling 5-17 |
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Quenching Media 5-17 |
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Quenching Equipment 5-19 |
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Heat Treatment of Ferrous Metals 5-19 |
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Behavior of Steel During Heating and Cooling 5-19 |
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Hardening 5-20 |
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Hardening Precautions 5-20 |
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Tempering 5-21 |
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Annealing 5-21 |
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Normalizing 5-21 |
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Casehardening 5-21 |
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Heat Treatment of Nonferrous Metals 5-22 |
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Aluminum Alloys |
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Alclad Aluminum 5-23 |
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Solution Heat Treatment 5-23 |
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Straightening After Solution Heat Treatment 5-24 |
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Precipitation Heat Treating 5-24 |
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Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Rivets 5-26 |
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Heat Treatment of Magnesium Alloys 5-26 |
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Heat Treatment of Titanium 5-27 |
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Hardness Testing 5-28 |
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Forging 5-30 |
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Casting 5-30 |
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Extruding 5-31 |
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Cold Working/Hardening 5-31 |
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Nonmetallic Aircraft Materials 5-31 |
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Plastics |
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Transparent Plastics |
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Composite Materials |
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Advantages/Disadvantages of Composites 5-33 |
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Composite Safety 5-33 |
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Fiber Reinforced Materials 5-33 |
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Laminated Structures 5-34 |
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Reinforced Plastic 5-34 |
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Rubber 5-35 |
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Natural Rubber 5-35 |
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Synthetic Rubber 5-35 |
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Shock Absorber Cord 5-36 |
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Seals 5-36 |
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Packings 5-36 |
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O-Ring Packings 5-36 |
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Backup Rings 5-37 |
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V-Ring Packings |
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U-Ring Packings |
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Gaskets |
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Wipers |
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Sealing Compounds |
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One Part Sealants |
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Two Part Sealants 5-39 |
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Aircraft Hardware 5-39 |
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Identification 5-39 |
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Threaded Fasteners 5-39 |
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Classification of Threads 5-40 |
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Aircraft Bolts 5-41 |
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General Purpose Bolts 5-41 |
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Close Tolerance Bolts 5-41 |
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Identification and Coding 5-41 |
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Special-Purpose Bolts 5-43 |
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Aircraft Nuts |
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Aircraft Washers 5-50 |
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Installation of Nuts, Washers, and Bolts 5-51 |
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Aircraft Rivets 5-54 |
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Standards and Specifications 5-56 |
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Solid Shank Rivets 5-56 |
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Blind Rivets 5-60 |
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Rivet Identification 5-64 |
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Special Shear and Bearing Load Fasteners 5-66 |
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Screws 5-70 |
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Riveted and Rivetless Nutplates 5-71 |
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Hole Repair and Hole Repair Hardware 5-74 |
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Safetying Methods 5-79 |
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