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Heat is a form of energy and is measured in Joules. Heat is related to temperature but the two are not the same. What is energy? Energy is the capacity of a system to do work. That system may be a jet, carrying hundreds of passengers across the ocean. What unit is Energy measured in? Energy is measured in Joules and comes in many forms. Here are further guidelines. www.qureshiuniversity.com/energy.html Here are further guidelines. http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/pen36-energy-revision-questions-answers.htm What is a Force? A force is a push or a pull. What unit is Force measured in? It is measured in Newtons (N). Here are further guidelines. www.qureshiuniversity.com/force.html What is Weight? Weight is the force of gravity pulling on a mass. What unit is Weight measured in? Weight is a force, and so it is measured in Newtons, not kilograms. Weight = mass x gravity This equation is important! Compare this with the general formula F = m x a. Weight is the force, gravity is the acceleration. Momentum. We say that momentum is directly proportional to both mass and velocity. Anything that moves has momentum (see also kinetic energy). The amount of momentum which an object has depends on how fast it is moving (its velocity) and on the mass of the object. http:www.qureshiuniversity.com/motion.html Momentum = mass x velocity. The equation is written as p = m x v where p = momentum m = mass and v = velocity. This equation is important! The units of momentum are kgm/s, called "kilogram metres per second". Speed is a measure of how fast an object is moving. It is measured in metres per second, written as m/s. Speed = Distance ÷ Time. Velocity is similar to speed. It is also a measure of how fast an object is moving and is measured in m/s. Velocity = Distance ÷ Time. If an object is stationary (not moving), then its speed or velocity is zero. The difference between velocity and speed is that velocity is speed in a certain direction (see scalars and vectors). These equations are important! 1. Acceleration = change in velocity ÷ time. a = (v-u) ÷ t 2. Force = mass x acceleration. F = m x a Number 2 can be rearranged to give m = F ÷ a or a = F ÷ m 3. Weight = mass x gravity. w = m x g 4. Momentum = mass x velocity. p = m x v 5. Change in momentum = Force x time. mv - mu = F x t Number 5 can be rearranged to give F = (mv - mu) ÷ t |