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What are the commonly used sentence patterns? Following are the commonly used sentence patterns: 1. Subject + Verb I swim. Asif swims. They swam. Billy sleeps. This is the simplest kind of sentence. It consists of a subject and a verb. There possibly may be some adjectives, adverbs, or prepositional phrases. There are no direct objects, indirect objects, or complements. 2. Subject + Verb + Object They ate dinner. Elephants frighten mice. I drive a car. Asif plays the guitar. I like rice. He loves his job. He's eating an orange. Asif composes music. (subject, verb, direct object.) Asif helps others in several English practice rooms. (subject, verb, direct object, adverb) She tells jokes to make people smile. (subject, verb, direct object, adverb) 3. Subject + Verb + Complement I am busy. Asif became a doctor. They look sick. A complement is a word or group of words that describe or rename the subject. Complements follow linking verbs. There are two kinds of subject complements: 1) predicate nominative, which is a noun or pronoun that renames or classifies the subject of the sentence, and 2) predicate adjective, which is an adjective that describes the subject of the sentence. My brother looks tired. (Subject, verb, complement – predicate adjective) Some students in the class are engineers. (The noun phrase ‘Some students in the class’ is the complete subject, verb, complement – predicate nominative) You can form compound sentences with each pattern of sentence. The men are handsome, the women are clever, and the children are above-average. (Compound sentence of three independent clauses, so three subjects, three verbs, three complements – all predicate adjectives) 4. Subject + Verb + Object + Complement I left the door open. We elected him president. They named him Asif. 5. Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object She teaches us English. She gave him a gift. She baked Asif a cake. The Object Some verbs have an object. It is always a noun or pronoun. The object is the person or thing affected by the action described in the verb. Objects come in two types, direct and indirect. The direct object refers to a person or thing affected by the action of the verb. For example: He opened the door. Here the door is the direct object, as it is the thing being affected by the verb opened. The indirect object refers to a person or thing who/that receives the direct object. For example: I gave him the book. Here him (he) is the indirect object as he is the beneficiary of the action. I sent her a birthday present. (Subject, verb, indirect object, direct object) Asif gave his dog a bone. (Subject, verb, indirect object, direct object) She left Gary all of her money. (Subject, verb, indirect object, direct object) Granny gave every last asset to Gary. (Subject, verb, direct object, indirect object in a prepositional phrase) 6. There - Verb - Subject. There have been objections. 7. Auxiliary - Subject Verb? Do coyotes howl in the distance? 8. Auxiliary - Subject - Verb - Object? Have mice ever frightened elephants? 9. Auxiliary - Subject - Verb - Indirect Object - Direct Object? Will she bake Asif a cake? 10. Question word (Some call it Object) - Auxiliary - Subject -Verb? Whom did the hooligan frighten? 11. Verb - There - Subject? Were there any objections? 12. Auxiliary - there - Verb - Subject? Have there been any objections? |