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What is forensic science? Definition Forensics is the term given to an investigation of a crime using scientific means. It is also used as the name of the application of scientific knowledge to legal matters. What are the different areas of forensic science? What skills are involved in forensic science? Where and when is forensics used? What is Forensic Medicine? What is Forensic Science? What is Forensic Science Administration? The word forensic comes from Latin (forensis - meaning "before the forum") and refers to something "of, pertaining to, or used in a court of law." In today's day and age, it almost always refers to a method of obtaining criminal evidence for purposes of using in a court of law. Forensic science is typically just referred to as "forensics" and is the practical application of numerous sciences to solve legal system-related questions, which can include either a civil or criminal action or suit. The use of the term "forensics" in place of "forensic science" is actually a globally-accepted misnomer considering that the term "forensic" is effectually a synonym for "legal" or "pertaining to courts", from the root Latin meaning. Because it is now so closely associated with the criminal scientific field, many dictionaries equate the word "forensics" with "forensic science." Forensic science extends into a broad range of sub-sciences which utilize natural science techniques to obtain relevant criminal and legal evidence. Forensic science specialties include: * Forensic Accounting - The acquisition, interpretation and study and of accounting evidence. * Digital Forensics (also known as Computing Forensics) - The retrieval, reconstruction and interpretation of digital media (i.e. images, PDF's, e-mail messages, etc.) stored on a computer, for use as evidence. * Forensic Document Examination - The reconstruction, study and interpretation of physical document-related evidence, such as handwriting analysis and printmaking. * Forensic Economics - The acquisition, study and interpretation of evidence related to economic damage, which includes determination of lost benefits and earnings, business value and profit loss, lost household service value, labor replacement and future medical expense costs, etc. * Forensic Engineering - The reconstruction, study and interpretation of structural or mechanical failure or in devices, buildings, etc. * Forensic Linguistics - The study and interpretation of language for use as legal evidence. * Forensic Origin and Cause- The study, interpretation and identification of a fire for the express purpose of determining the cause of ignition and origin of the fire (i.e. arson cases). * Forensic Photography - The art-science of reconstructing, interpreting and producing an accurate photographic reproduction of a crime scene for a court's benefit. * Forensic Psychology and Psychiatry - The study, evaluation and identification of mentally-related illnesses and human behavior for the purpose of obtaining legal evidence. * Forensic Anthropology is the practice of physical anthropology, as applied to a legal situation- typically the identification and recovery of skeletonized human remains (bones). * Criminalistics is the application of combination of impression evidence (i.e. fingerprints, impressions left by footwear and tire tracks), trace evidence, controlled substances. * Criminalistics includes evidence collected from a wide range of sciences to determine the answers of questions relating to the examination and comparison of criminal investigations. This evidence is typically processed in a crime lab. * Forensic Biology includes performing DNA and serological analysis of bodily (physiological) fluids for the purpose of individualization and identification. * Forensic Entomology assists in determining time and location of death, by examining how insects relate to human remains, and can often times determine if the body being examined was moved after death. * Forensic Geology is the application of trace evidence found in soils, minerals and petroleums, as applied to a legal setting. * Forensic Meteorology is an analysis of prior weather conditions, specific to the site being examined. * Forensic Odontology is the study of teeth- specifically, the uniqueness of dentition. * Forensic Pathology combines the diciplines of medicine and pathology, as applied to a legal inquiry, to determine the cause of injury or death. * Forensic Toxicology is the study, evaluation and identification of the effects of poisons, chemicals, or drugs in and on the human body. |
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