Classes of words or parts of speech Phrases Clauses Sentences Tenses |
How many are there? At least 9. How should you study classes of words or parts of speech in English language? Action verbs Auxiliary primary verbs be, am, are, is, was, were, be, been, being Auxiliary primary verbs: do, does, did Auxiliary primary verbs: have, had, has Auxiliary modal verbs: can, could, will, would Adjectives descriptive (20 categories, from age to touch) Adjectives demonstrative: this, that, these, those Adjective indefinite article: a, an Adjective definite article: the Adjective proper Adverbs of manner: quickly, kindly Adverbs of degree: very, rather Adverbs of frequency: often, sometimes Adverbs of time: now, today Adverbs of place: here, nowhere Determiners (at least 32 of them) Linking verbs Helping verbs Descriptive adjectives Demonstrative adjectives Common Nouns (at least 7 categories among a total of at least 15 categories of nouns) Proper Nouns Prepositions / Simple Prepositions Prepositions / Double Prepositions Prepositions / Compound Prepositions Prepositions / Phrasal Prepositions Prepositions / Participial Prepositions Prepositions / Disguised Prepositions Pronouns / Subject Pronouns: I, We, You, He, She, It, They Pronouns / Object Pronouns: Me, Us, You, Him, Her, It, Them Personal Pronouns Coordinating conjunctions Subordinating conjunctions Interrogative words or phrases (at least 52) Interjections
|
What is a Subordinating Conjunction? Subordinating conjunctions are essential parts of complex sentences with include at least two clauses, with one of the clauses being main (independent) and the other being subordinate (dependent). Subordinating conjunctions are parts of speech that join dependent clauses to independent clauses. Sometimes referred to as subordinators or subordinate conjunctions, these important words and phrases may also introduce adverb clauses. Subordinating Conjunction Exercises The following exercises will help you gain greater understanding about how subordinating conjunctions work. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence. 1._________ the basement flooded, we spent all day cleaning up. 1.After 2.Although 3.Before 4.Even if Answer: 1. After the basement flooded, we spent all day cleaning up. 2.I don’t want to go to the movies ÂÂÂ_____________ I hate the smell of popcorn. 1.Although 2.Because 3.Whenever 4.So that Answer: 2. I don’t want to go to the movies because I hate the smell of popcorn. 3.I paid Larry, ___________ garden design work is top-notch. 1.Whenever 2.Whose 3.After 4.If Answer: 2. I paid Larry, whose garden design work is top-notch. 4.___________ spring arrives, we have to be prepared for more snow. 1.Because 2.Until 3.Although 4.Now that Answer: 2. Until spring arrives, we have to be prepared for more snow. 5._____________ the alarm goes off, I hit the snooze button. 1.As soon as 2.Because 3.Before 4.Now that Answer: As soon as the alarm goes off, I hit the snooze button. Subordinating Conjunctions List There are many subordinating conjunctions. This list contains 25 of those most commonly used. After Although As As soon as Because Before By the time Even if Even though Every time If In case Now that Once Since So that Than The first time Unless Until When Whenever Whether or not While Why |
Adjective phrase
What Is an Adjective Phrase? An adjective phrase is a group of words used collectively to describe a noun or pronoun in a sentence. The big white hen ran away. big white / Adjective Phrase Adjective phrases: position When an adjective is used with a noun, the usual order in English is adjective + noun: a yellow balloon Not: a balloon yellow Adjectives can go before the noun (attributive) or after linking verbs such as be, become, seem (predicative): What a beautiful flower! (attributive) This bridge looks unsafe. (predicative) Adverb phrase Time goes very quickly. very quickly. An adverb phrase can modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or even an entire sentence or main clause. As show below, it can appear in a number of different positions in a sentence. Noun phrase What is a noun phrase? Noun Phrase-a noun and any words in the sentence that modify it; words that can modify nouns include articles (a, an, the); adjectives; participles; and possessive pronouns 1. A noun phrase can be a subject: 2. A noun phrase can be a direct object: 3. A noun phrase can be the object of a preposition: 4. A noun phrase can be an indirect object: What are examples of noun phrases in English language? Examples of Noun Phrases: Examples of noun phrase as subject : The yellow house is for ____.The glistening snow covered the field. Examples of noun phrase as direct object: I want a skate board. Should we buy the yellow house? Examples of noun phrase as object of preposition: Jeff rode on a skate board. Karen lives in the yellow house. Example of noun phrase as indirect object: Lisa gave the little girl a candy. Verb PhrasesA verb phrase consists of a verb and all its modifiers. The brilliant Doctor Asif Qureshi will be investigating this case.The is the determiner. Brilliant is the descriptive adjective. Doctor Asif Qureshi = proper noun will be investigating = verb phrase This case = object Here are examples:
She was upset when it didn't boil. You have been sleeping for a long time. You might enjoy a massage. He was eager to eat dinner. Gerund PhrasesA gerund phrase is simply a noun phrase that starts with a gerund. Examples include:
Infinitive PhrasesAn infinitive phrase is a noun phrase that begins with an infinitive. Here are some examples:
Appositive PhrasesAn appositive phrase restates a noun and consists of one or more words. Examples are:
Participial PhrasesA participial phrase begins with a past or present participle. Examples are:
|
A prepositional phrase begins with a preposition and can act as a noun, an adjective or an adverb. What is a Prepositional Phrase?Prepositions are words which begin prepositional phrases. A prepositional phrase is a group of words containing a preposition, a noun or pronoun object of the preposition, and any modifiers of the object. A preposition sits in front of (is “pre-positioned†before) its object. Every prepositional phrase is a series of words made up of a preposition and its object. The object may be a noun, pronoun, gerund or clause. Adjective and Adverb Prepositional Phrases There are two kinds of prepositional phrases: adjective phrases and adverb phrases. An adjective phrase modifies a noun or pronoun. It always comes immediately after the noun or pronoun it modifies: Joe is the student with the highest grade. ("with the highest grade" modifies "student.") An adverb phrase modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb. It is used to tell when, where, how, or to what extent about the word it modifies: Megan put her bird in its cage. ("in its cage" modifies the verb "put.") Examples are:
I'll arrive sometime ___ 8 and 9 am. between in next to on Correct! between The shops here are open ___ 9am until 5pm.v from for on at Correct! from They should be ready to go ___ 20 minutes. in on by to Correct! in She wants to stay ___ home tonight. of to at in Correct! of Did you watch the football ___ TV last night? on by in to Correct! on Do you always come to work ___ bike? on in of by Correct! by I read the news ___ the newspaper. on by to in Correct! in I'll be in the office ___ 5pm. until for on since Correct! until You must have this report finished ___ Monday. at by since while Correct! by I haven't had a call from him ___ last Wednesday. on since in for Correct! since |
An absolute phrase has a subject, but not an acting verb, so it cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. It modifies the whole sentence, not just a noun. Examples are:
These are examples of all of the eight different kinds of phrases. Interrogative PhrasePosition of Interrogative Phrases in Content QuestionsContent questions are questions that contain an interrogative phrase, like the elements in boldface in the English examples in (1). (1) a. Who did you see? b. Which book do you want to buy? c. When are you going to ________? What day is it today? What = Question word Day = Noun Question word + Noun Interrogative Phrase |
|
What is an English grammatical tense? An English grammatical tense is a sentence with tense that points to the past, present, or future time. Tenses are applicable to declarative sentences and questions. How many English grammatical tenses are there? At least 16. If you include conditionals with could or would, there are more. |
Who investigates this case? Present simple tense Who investigated this case? Past simple tense Who will investigate this case? Future simple tense Who is investigating this case? Present continuous tense Who was investigating this case? Past continuous tense Who will be investigating this case? Future continuous tense Who has investigated this case? Present perfect tense Who had investigated this case? Past perfect tense Who will have investigated this case? Future perfect tense Who has been investigating this case? Present perfect continuous tense Who had been investigating this case? Past perfect continuous tense Who will have been investigating this case? Future perfect continuous tense |