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How long does fasting last each day during Ramadan? 14-15 hours, depending on the time of year. What happens during fasting? Gluconeogenesis What is the metabolism of the human body? The human body converts food and drinks into energy. What are different types of metabolic pathways? Questions you need to discuss. What is the name of the metabolic process? What is it? What type of metabolic pathway is it? What is the precursor? What is the end product or ingredient? These questions are discussed in a medical college for the education of specific physicians. |
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What are the end products of glycolysis? 1. Pyruvate (2 molecules) 2. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH (2 molecules) 3. Adenosine triphosphate, ATP (net 2 molecules, as 4 were produced but 2 were used in the energy consumption part at the beginning of glycolysis) What happens to the end products of glycolysis? In aerobic conditions, the presence of oxygen allows the pyruvate generated by glycolysis to enter the citric acid (or Kreb’s cycle) to continue its breakdown into more energy. |
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What is gluconeogenesis? Gluconeogenesis means the breaking down of glycogen and the generation of glucose inside the human body. Gluconeogenesis and physiological ketogenesis: Is there a difference? Yes. What is the difference between gluconeogenesis, physiological ketosis, and ketoacidosis? Glycogen is your body’s primary form of stored carbs, and it can be converted back into sugar as a source of energy, as needed. During fasting, glycogen is converted to glucose. After many hours of fasting, glycogen stores in the liver have been depleted, and your body begins breaking down protein and fat stores for energy instead. This results in the production of ketone bodies, a type of compound produced when your body converts fat into fuel. |
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What is glycogenesis? Glycogenesis is the formation of glycogen from glucose. |
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What is glycogenolysis? Glycogenolysis is the process of synthesizing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources. |
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What is another word or term for the citric acid cycle? Kreb's cycle Tricarboxylic acid cycle Where does the citric acid cycle occur? Mitochondria matrix of the cells Why is it called the citric acid cycle? The name refers to the citric acid molecule, which is involved in one of the reaction steps. What are the end products of the citric acid cycle? Four molecules of acetyl CoA are converted into two molecules of carbon dioxide. |
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What is another word or term for the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP)? Hexose monophosphate shunt What is it? It is a metabolic pathway parallel to glycolysis. The pathway is important in red blood cells (erythrocytes). What are the end products of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP)? 1. NADPH. This is absent in glycolysis. 2. Production of the ribose 5-phosphate used in the synthesis of nucleotides and nucleic acids. 3. Production of the erythrose 4-phosphate used in the synthesis of aromatic amino acids. The end product of the pentose phosphate pathway enters into glycolysis, so it is a shunt glycolysis. |
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What is the urea cycle in the human body? Ammonia is produced as amino acids break down or by the gut bacteria in humans. Th urea cycle removes the ammonia from the blood and makes urea, which is eventually excreted as urine. |
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What is fatty acid oxidation? It consists of sequential oxidation (loss of electrons). What is the end product of fatty acid oxidation? Acetyl-CoA, which can then be used for the citric acid cycle for further oxidation and ATP production. |
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If creatinine is high, does that indicate kidney disease? No. What are the points in favor of this? National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health MedlinePlus https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/creatinine-test/ Abnormal results do not always mean kidney disease. The following conditions can temporarily raise creatinine levels:
A diet high in red meat Certain medicines. Some medicines have side effects that raise creatinine levels. Georgia Public Health Laboratory https://dph.georgia.gov/lab Blood Chemistry Analysis Creatinine Normal: 0.5 – 1.5 mg/dl FDA normal values Creatinine Normal 1– 2 mg/dl |