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The King's University
www.qureshiuniversity.com
Electrical equipment manufacture
How do you manufacture electrical equipment in the state?

Answer these questions.

What electrical equipment is required in the state that needs to be manufactured?
What electrical equipment in the alphabetical list of electric products needs to be manufactured relevant to a specific state?
What specification does the product need to have?
What raw materials with quantity are required to manufacture these products per year?
How many such products are required?
When are such products required?
What processes are available in the manufacture of this product?
What is the best process to manufacture this product?
How many electrical engineers have the ability to learn to manufacture these products within the state?
How many existing locations are there for the manufacture of such electrical products?
What is the profile of the electrical engineers in the state who will assist in the manufacture of these electrical products?

Who is the guide?
Asif Qureshi

What will happen once these questions are answered?

A specific electrical product to be manufactured will be identified with specifications, total number, and raw materials.

A separate section has to be created to manufacture specific electrical product with guidelines in the state. A team will manufacture this product.

How do you classify electrical equipment?
  1. Assembly Automation and General Factory Machinery

  2. Building electrical equipment.

  3. Data center for guidelines.

  4. Electricity generation plant equipment.

  5. Heavy electrical equipment.

  6. Major appliances.

  7. Microcontrollers.

  8. Power tools.

  9. Portable electrical equipment (small appliances).

  10. Road electrical equipment.

  11. Telecommunications equipment

  12. Transmission electrical equipment (point of production/power generation to point of demand/building).

  13. Vehicle electric equipment.


Assembly Automation and General Factory Machinery
  1. Communications Control

  2. Electric Mobility and Mobile Robotics

  3. Entertainment

  4. Flour Mill

  5. Homeland Security & Defense

  6. Inspection Testing and Rapid Prototyping

  7. Lab Automation

  8. Machine Tool and Metalworking

  9. Material Handling and Conveyed Systems

  10. Medical

  11. Milk Product Manufacturing Plant

  12. Packaging

  13. Power Generation & Alternative Energy Sources

  14. Robotics (fixed)

  15. Rice Mill

  16. Sawmill

  17. Semiconductor

  18. Shoe Making Machine

  19. Simulators

  20. Tiller Machines

  21. Toilet Paper Roll Making Machine

  22. Toilet Paper Log rewinder with Band Saw
    Here are further guidelines.
    Equipment

    Products

    Machines
Building electrical equipment.
What are examples of building electrical equipment?
  1. Appliances

  2. Building Wires

  3. Circuit breakers and disconnects

  4. Conduit and Wire

  5. Electric switchboards

  6. Electric motor

  7. Electrical Box Covers

  8. Electrical Fittings Products

  9. Electrical Junction Boxes

  10. Electricity meter

  11. Electrical sockets

  12. Electrical Switches

  13. Junction box

  14. Lampholders

  15. Lamps

  16. Power Inverter

Here are further guidelines.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/buildingelectricsystem.html

Appliance may refer to:
Home appliance, household machines, using electricity or some other energy input
    Small appliances
    Major appliances
In medicine and dentistry, custom-fitted appliances to an individual for the purpose of correction of a physical or dental problem such as:
    A prosthesis
    An orthotic appliance
    dental braces
Computer appliance, a computing device with a specific function and limited configuration ability

Software appliance, software application combined with just enough operating system (JeOS)

Fire apparatus, a fire engine or fire truck in British English
In film, a term for latex pieces, such as false ears or other features, used by make-up artists
Appliance (band), a British musical group

Data center for guidelines.
What is data center?
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/datacenter.html

Electricity generation plant equipment.
Most power plants make electricity with a machine called a generator.Generators have two important parts: the rotor (which rotates) and the stator (which remains stationary). Generators use the principle of electro-magnetic induction, which exploits the relation between magnetism and electricity. In large AC generators, an outer shell with powerful magnets rotates around a stationary "armature" which is wound with heavy wire. As they move, the magnets induce an electric current in the wire.

It is important to recognize that electricity is not mined or harvested, it must be manufactured. And since it's not easily stored in quantity, it must be manufactured at time of demand. Electricity is a form of energy, but not an energy source. Different generating plants harness different energy sources to make electric power. The two most common types are "Thermal Plants" and "Kinetic Plants".

Thermal Generating Plants
Kinetic Generating Plants

Here are further guidelines.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/electricitygenerationplantequipment.html

Here are further guidelines.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/electricalproducts.html

Heavy electrical equipment.
What is heavy electrical equipment?
Heavy electrical equipment is large, permanently installed machinery.

What are examples of heavy electrical equipment?
  1. Automation and Control Systems

  2. Boilers

  3. Conveyor belt systems

  4. Elevators

  5. Escalators

  6. Gas and Steam Turbines

  7. Generators

  8. Heat Exchangers

  9. Hydraulic, steam, gas, and wind turbines

  10. Large generators

  11. Power electronics

  12. Power grid equipment, such as transformers.

  13. Pumps

  14. Sensors

  15. Switchgears

  16. Transmission systems etc.
Here are further guidelines.

www.qureshiuniversity.com/electricalequipmentheavy.html

Major appliances.
What are examples of major appliances?
    Refrigeration equipment
      Freezer
      Refrigerator
      Water cooler
    Stoves
      Cooker, also known as range, stove, oven, cooking plate, or cooktop
      Electric Stoves
      Microwave oven
    Washing equipment
      Washing machine
      Clothes dryer
      Drying cabinet
      Dishwasher
    Miscellaneous
      Air conditioner
      Water heater
Microcontrollers.
What are examples of microcontrollers?
ARM core processors (many vendors)
    ARM Cortex-M cores are specifically targeted towards microcontroller applications
Atmel AVR (8-bit), AVR32 (32-bit), and AT91SAM (32-bit)
Cypress Semiconductor's M8C Core used in their PSoC (Programmable System-on-Chip)
Freescale ColdFire (32-bit) and S08 (8-bit)
Freescale 68HC11 (8-bit)
Intel 8051
Infineon: 8-bit XC800, 16-bit XE166, 32-bit XMC4000 (ARM based Cortex M4F), 32-bit TriCore and, 32-bit Aurix Tricore Bit microcontrollers[12]
MIPS
Microchip Technology PIC, (8-bit PIC16, PIC18, 16-bit dsPIC33 / PIC24), (32-bit PIC32)
NXP Semiconductors LPC1000, LPC2000, LPC3000, LPC4000 (32-bit), LPC900, LPC700 (8-bit)
Parallax Propeller
PowerPC ISE
Rabbit 2000 (8-bit)
Renesas Electronics: RL78 16-bit MCU; RX 32-bit MCU; SuperH; V850 32-bit MCU; H8; R8C 16-bit MCU
Silicon Laboratories Pipelined 8-bit 8051 Microcontrollers and mixed-signal ARM-based 32-bit microcontrollers
STMicroelectronics STM8 (8-bit), ST10 (16-bit) and STM32 (32-bit)
Texas Instruments TI MSP430 (16-bit) C2000 (32-bit)
Toshiba TLCS-870 (8-bit/16-bit).

Road electrical equipment.
What are examples of transmission electrical equipment (point of production/power generation to the point of demand/building)?
What are examples of road electrical equipment?

  1. Road Lamps

  2. Traffic Lights

  3. Utility Poles

  4. Wires
Power tools.
What are examples of power tools?
  1. Air compressor

  2. Alligator shear

  3. Angle grinder

  4. Bandsaw

  5. Belt sander

  6. Biscuit joiner

  7. Brushcutter

  8. Ceramic tile cutter

  9. Chainsaw

  10. Circular saw

  11. Concrete saw

  12. Cold saw

  13. Crusher

  14. Diamond blade

  15. Diamond tools

  16. Disc sander

  17. Drill

  18. Floor sander

  19. Food Processor

  20. Grinding machine

  21. Heat gun

  22. Hedgecutter

  23. Impact wrench

  24. Impact driver

  25. Iron

  26. Jackhammer

  27. Jointer

  28. Jigsaw

  29. Knitting Machine

  30. Lathe

  31. Lawn Mower

  32. Leafblower

  33. Miter saw

  34. Nail gun (electric and battery as well as powder actuated)

  35. Needle scaler

  36. Pneumatic torque wrench

  37. Powder-actuated tools

  38. Power wrench

  39. Radial arm saw

  40. Random orbital sander

  41. Reciprocating saw

  42. Rotary reciprocating saw

  43. Rotary tool

  44. Rotovator

  45. Sabre saw

  46. Sander

  47. Scrollsaw

  48. Sewing Machine

  49. Steel cut off saw

  50. Strimmer

  51. Table saw

  52. Thickness planer

  53. Vacuum Cleaner

  54. Wall chaser

  55. Washing machine

  56. Wood router
Portable electrical equipment (small appliances).
What are examples of portable electrical equipment (small appliances)?
  1. Cooking, such as on a hot plate or with a slow cooker, microwave oven, rice cooker, bread machine, a tortilla/roti maker, or a sandwich toaster

  2. Heating, such as an electric heater

  3. Cooling, such as air conditioning

  4. Lighting using light fixtures

  5. Speaker-architectural, as in being of the infrastructure/structural type

  6. Speaker-floorstanding, on-wall or in-wall varieties

  7. Beverage-making, such as electric kettles, coffeemakers or iced tea-makers

  8. MP3 Player - including but not limited to the Apple iPod
    Computers - laptops, desktops, ultrabooks, etc.
Some consider small appliances to be electronic equipments.

Transmission electrical equipment (point of production/power generation to point of demand/building).
What are examples of electrical equipment components that are part of the electrical distribution system?
  1. Electric switchboards

  2. Distribution boards

  3. Circuit breakers and disconnects

  4. Electricity meter

  5. Pylons

  6. Transformers

  7. Electrical substation

    Elements of a substation


    A:Primary power lines' side
    B:Secondary power lines' side
    1.Primary power lines
    2.Ground wire
    3.Overhead lines
    4.Transformer for measurement of electric voltage
    5.Disconnect switch
    6.Circuit breaker
    7.Current transformer
    8.Lightning arrester
    9.Main transformer
    10.Control building
    11.Security fence
    12.Secondary power lines

    Here are further guidelines.
    Electric Substation Types
Vehicle electric equipment.
What are examples of vehicle electric equipment?
www.qureshiuniversity.com/vehicleelectricequipment.html.

What are examples of major electrical appliances and small electrical appliances?
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/statedepartmentofelectricity.html

Who has the duty in the state to manufacture, repair, and replace various types of electrical equipment in the state?
Engineers who work for the state department of engineering.
Engineers who work for the state department of electricity or PDD (power development department).
Profiles of all engineers in the state are required.
Profiles of all engineers with ability to manufacture electrical equipments in the state are required.

What should happen if any product is not manufactured or repaired within the state?
Work order or needs should be forwarded to another state. Issue directive to manufacture and repair such products within the state.

Electrical equipment manufacturing and repairs.

How should electrical equipment manufacturing and repair plants be established in the state?
Electrical equipment manufacturing plant in the state.
Electrical equipment repairs plant in the state.

What are existing locations of electrical equipment manufacture and repair plants in the state with name of the state?
How many more such manufacturing plants with specifications are required in the state?

Each plant has further subdivisions relevant to each type of equipment.
Here are further guidelines.
http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/statedepartmentofelectricity.html
Telecommunications equipment
Electrical engineers manufacture telecommunications equipment. Telecommunications equipment is considered one of the categories of electrical equipment.

Can a telephone exchange, data center, or answering machine work without electrical supply?
No.

What are examples of telecommunications equipment?
Here are various examples.
www.qureshiuniversity.com/telecommunicationsequipment.html

Telecommunications equipment can be broadly broken down into the following categories:
Public switching equipment
    Analogue switches
    Digital switches
Transmission equipment
    Transmission lines
    Optical fiber
    Base transceiver stations
    Multiplexers
    Local loops
    Communications satellites
Customer premises equipment
    Private switches
    Local area networks
    Modems
    Mobile phones
    Landline telephones
    Answering machines
    Teleprinters
    Fax machines
    Pagers
    Routers
A data center is required for telecommunications services in the state or outside the state.



Here are further guidelines.
Transformers
What is a Transformer?
What are typical applications for transformers?
How are transformers classified?
How are power transformers used?

Here are further guidelines.
Wire
A wire is a single, usually cylindrical, flexible strand or rod of metal. Wires are used to bear mechanical loads or electricity and telecommunications signals. Wire is commonly formed by drawing the metal through a hole in a die or draw plate. Wire gauges come in various standard sizes, as expressed in terms of a gauge number. The term wire is also used more loosely to refer to a bundle of such strands, as in 'multistranded wire', which is more correctly termed a wire rope in mechanics, or a cable in electricity.

What is raw material?
Basic substance in its natural, modified, or semi-processed state, used as an input to a production process for subsequent modification or transformation into a finished good.

Vast quantities of aluminium, copper, nickel and steel wire are employed for telephone and data cables, and as conductors in electric power transmission, and heating. It is in no less demand for fencing, and much is consumed in the construction of suspension bridges, and cages, etc.

Not all metals and metallic alloys possess the physical properties necessary to make useful wire. The metals must in the first place be ductile and strong in tension, the quality on which the utility of wire principally depends. The metals suitable for wire, possessing almost equal ductility, are platinum, silver, iron, copper, aluminium and gold; and it is only from these and certain of their alloys with other metals, principally brass and bronze, that wire is prepared.

By careful treatment extremely thin wire can be produced. Special purpose wire is however made from other metals (e.g. tungsten wire for light bulb and vacuum tube filaments, because of its high melting temperature). Copper wires are also plated with other metals, such as tin, nickel, and silver to handle different temperatures, provide lubrication, provide easier stripping of rubber from copper.

Production

Wire is often reduced to the desired diameter and properties by repeated drawing through progressively smaller dies, or traditionally holes in draw plates. After a number of passes the wire may be annealed to facilitate more drawing or, if it is a finished product, to maximise ductility and conductivity.

Finishing, jacketing, and insulating

Electrical wires are usually covered with insulating materials, such as plastic, rubber-like polymers, or varnish. Insulating and jacketing of wires and cables is nowadays done by passing them through an extruder.

Two or more wires may be wrapped concentrically, separated by insulation, to form coaxial cable.

What is Wire Rope?
Wire rope consists of one or more numbers of strands, laid spirally around one core of steel or fibre core. Generally, most widely used ropes are of six strands.

Wire rope consists of three basic components, while few in numbers, these vary in both complexity and configuration, which allow the production of rope for specific purposes or with specific characteristics.

The three basic components of a standard wire rope design are:
Wires (that form the strands)
The core Multi-wire strand: laid helically around a core

The wire, for rope, is made from several materials such as steel, iron, and/or stainless steel. High Carbon steel is the most widely used material, available in a variety of grades, each of which has the properties related to the basic curve for steel wire rope. Wire rope manufacturers select a wire type which is most appropriate for the specific purpose of the finished product.

Wire rope nomenclature also defines the following:

Rope Description
    Length
    Size (diameter)
    Preformed (pref) or non-preformed (non-pref)
    Direction and type of lay
    Finish
    Grade of rope
    Type of core
Types of Wire rope
What is AWG (American Wire Gage)?
What Does Wire Gage Have to Do with a Wire's Electrical Properties?
Here are further guidelines.
Wire